
Class Kt"; 2-Q$ 
Rook ,G ft C 5 



HOR^ MOMENTA CRAVENJE, 



OR, THE 



CRAVEN DIALECT, 

EXEMPLIFIED IN TWO DIALOGUES, 

BETWEEN 

FARMER GILES 

AND HIS 

NEIGHBOUR BRIDGET, 



TO WHICH IS ANNEXED A COPIOUS GLOSSARY. 



BY A NATIVE OF CRAVEN. 



"What a feaful girt gauvison mun he be, at frames to larn'th 
talk of another country, afore he parfitly knaws his awn." 

ANON. 



LONDON: 

PRINTED FOR HURST, ROBINSON AND CO. CHEAPSIDEj 

AND ROBINSON AND HERNAMAN, LEEDS. 

1824. 









10B1NS0N AND HERNAMAK. 
PRINTERS, LEEDS, 



i : . 



£ 









THE 



INTRODUCTION. 



" Collections of provincial dialects would often have 
been extremely useful ; many words esteemed peculiar to 
certain counties, being remnants of the language formerly 
in general use. But these collections are, unfortunately, 
few and scanty. County histories, which have long received 
the most extensive encouragement, should always contain 
a careful compilation of this kind from certain and cor- 
rect authorities. From these, digested together, the 
history of our language might ultimately receive important 
illustration." 

N ares' Preface to his Glossary. 



It was the remark of the most learned phi- 
lologist of modern times, that the language of the 
Northern Counties was not barbarous/ though 
obsolete. Under the sanction of this great autho- 
rity, the author has been induced to publish the 
Dialect of the Deanery of Craven, in the West 
Riding of the County of York, 
a2 



Pent up by their native mountains, and prin- 
cipally engaged in agricultural pursuits, the inhabi- 
tants of this district had no opportunity of corrupting 
the purity of their language by the adoption of 
foreign idioms. But it has become a subject of much 
regret that, since the introduction of commerce, 
and, in consequence of that, a greater intercourse^ 
the simplicity of the language has, of late years, 
been much corrupted. Anxious, therefore, to hand 
it down to posterity unadulterated, the author has 
attempted to express, in a familiar dialogue, the 
chaste and nervous language of its unlettered natives, 



TOTH CONNER O'MY BOOK. 



An this lile book'U gi'the onny plezer efter a 
hard day's wark, I sail be feaful fain on't. Bud 
sud onny outcumlins ivver awn this outside, staany 
plat, it may happen gee 'em some inseet into awyer 
plain mack o' talk; at they may larn, at awyer 
discowerse hez a meanin in't as weel as theirs ; at 
they mayn't snert an titter at huz, gin we wor hauf 
rocktons, but may undercumstand, an be insensed 
by this book, lile as it is, at ya talk's aqual to ano- 
ther, seeabetide it explains yan's thoutes. Sud t'lads 
o' Craven yunce git a gliff o' what a seet o' words 
I've coud togither, it'll happen mack 'em nut so 
keen, at iv'ry like, o' luggin intoth' country a parcel 
of outlandish words, er seea shamm'd o' talking their 
awn. For, o' lat years, young foak are grown seea 
maachy an see feeafully geen to knackin, at their 
parents er ill set to knaw what their barns er 
javverin about.^ 

I'se at thy sarvice, 

TSETTER-OUT O'T BOOK, 



DIALOGUE I. 



FARMER GILES AND HIS NEIGHBOUR 
BRIDGET. 



Giles. Good raornin to the, Bridget, how isto ? 

Bridget. Deftly as out, and as cobby as a lop, 
thanksto. 

Giles. Wha, marry, thou looks i gay good fettle. 

Brid. What thinksto oV weather? Awr house 
is vara unrid and grimy, t'chimla smudges an reeks 
seea, an mackst' reckon, at used to shimmer and 
glissen, nowghtbud soote an muck. 

Giles. It's now a vara lithe day, bud there war 
a girt roak, an a rag oV fells at deileet, an it looked 
feaful heavisome. 

Brid. I oft think a donky, mislin, deggy mornin 
is a sign o't J pride o't' weather, for it oft worsels up, 
an is inaar to be liked ner f element full o' thunner 
packs er a breet, scaumy sky. 

Giles. Wha, when't bent's snod, hask, cranchin 
an slaap, its a Strang sign of a pash. 

Brid. Fve oft obsarved there lies been a dow r n- 
faw soon efter; bud for sure, I cannot gaum mich be 
ouer chimla at prisent, its seea smoored up wi mull 
an brash. Yusterday about noon, t' summer goose 
flackered at nay a lile rate, an t' element, at edge o' 
dark, wor feaful full of filly tails an hen scrattins. — 
Thou knaws that's a sartain sign ov a change, some- 
times Fve knaan it sile and teem efter. 
B 



Giles. Wheal's yawer Tom, Fve been laten him 
i'th' misto, bud cannot leet on him. 

Brid. Misto, barn ! wha, he's gaan aboon two 
howers sin weet Fadder to git eldih, nabody knaws 
how far; an th* gaite frayth' moor is seea dree, unbane, 
an parlous ; lang Rig brow is seea brant, at they're 
foarced to stanglh' cart, an th' wham, boon V gill 
heead, is seea mortal sumpy an soft, at it tacks cart 
up tot knaff ommost iv'ry yerd. Gangin ower some 
heealdin grand, they welted cart ower yusterday, an 
brack th' barkum, haams, and two felks. It hoins 
t' galloway feafully, seea that I dunnot lite on em mich 
afore neet; an I's sure Joan's vara unfit to be oute 
lat; for hees lang been vara indifferent, and hees 
now nobbud thus an seea, for hees niver gitten bettef 
o't' surfeit he gat last Kersrnas wi' bloazing and wi' 
trashin i'th' snaw broth eftert* hares. An he doesn't 
cast it soon, I'se flaid it'l turn out to be t' Shakken 
i'th' end. 

Giles. Wheaz cart hey the ? 

Brid. Werawn. It wor crazy an wankle enif 
wi' boonin fort' landlord, an lead in hedge-rise last 
spring ; bud now it au etow, it'l nut hod togither 
bout wanteaus an o'erlays, it sarras for nout bud a 
mackshift. 

Giles. Owr lile Dick sud a hugg'd th' dad his 
dinner to't' moor 3 bud as lads, thou knaws, er oft i' 
a mischief, an, etraath, there nivver wor t'marrow 
to him, what hed to do, lile gauyison, bud gang an 
climth' stee i' ower heigh laithe, cleearn'd up ageeant' 
black havver-strea moo, an neck an heels down he 
tummeld lang-streak'd at laithe floor. 

Giles. How leet it ? 

Brid. Thou minds I'd been kemmin awyer Sal, 
idle scallops, an her hair war seta felter'd an cotter'd 
wi' elflocks, for want o' powlin, sin shoe'dt' reef, at 
J lugg'd her a bit wi' lashin. What did shoe do, lile 
tetchy calletin monkey, bud tack pet, and gang off 
in a girt big and whither. Lile Dick hed naa 6ooner 
gitteh his poddish an a shive o' bread, cleearn'd wi* 



treacle, ner out he tacks efter her, to lake at chicken 
chow i't' laithe. Ill conditioned cross-grain'd mon- 
kies, their tempers pan seea weel, at for aut ward 
they're like cayter cousins. They're seea thick, at 
they're nivver fra taentother. They'll nut do a 
hand's turn. There's nut a pin to chuse between 
Sail an her broo, for they'll nut be said. Look 
what'll come on 'em at last ! Sail, outoponner, girt 
lither, lingey, wailopin gammer-stang, he'd nowght 
else to do bud climth' stee, an he hard efter her. — 
When shoe'd clum to't' top stavv, they begins a 
fratchin an rockin th' stee ; out, thou minds, it sherls 
at foote, an down t'lad drops. As stee wer rosseled, 
fram gor an masker'd, it brack aw to smash. I'd 
nobbud brout inth' claaths at were just blaanned, an, 
war sindin out kit an piggan, I hears a sow i'th' air, 
an as fast as foote cud faw, I tacks toth' laithe door ; 
I sees Dick sprahlin at grund. I githers him up, 
thou minds, and he begins to wratch an boaken, his 
noaz aw clung wi' bloode, an his forehead rauk'd a bit ; 
I fully thowt he wad a sounded away, for he was 
parfitly as coud as an iceshackle. Howsomivver, efter 
eed wesh'd his face an suited his noaz, he soon comes 
to his sell ageean. I happens to glent up my ee, an 
wheea sud L spy bud ower Sal ciickin fast wi' baith 
hands tot' bawk, fklging like mad wi' her fit, flaid 
shoe sud faw an breek her neck, I tacks off, helter 
skelter, to Joan Thompson's, o' Gill Bodhum, for 
their steigh ; I iinns nabody i't' house bud Mally, I 
wor seea out o' wind at I wheaz'd gin I wor bellon'd, 
at I cud hardly tell her me eearand. I'th' end, I gat 
her to help me to hugth' steigh. E commin back 
ageean owert' slaap hippins, weet' steigh onner shoul- 
ders, down we baath drops, soss intot' beck ! I 
hurt burTt o' my arm an ya theigh seea ill, at it wark'd 
past bidin. Mally spreeans ya whirlbaan, jowls her 
heeod an left chaff, an grazes her hug-baan. Shoe 
meaned hersel like a cowshut, for au shoe wor seea 
full o' pain, herpled an hobbled seea, (an thou knaws 
shoe's nut yan at hauts at a iile sair), I pray'd on 
B 3 



her to mak sharp, an to git endays as fast as shoe 
cud. I wor feaful flaid shoeM nivver a dreed toth* 
uvver side oW Gill; an thou knaws shoe ollas 
j.leeans feafully o* nang-nails. Mally war seea slow 
</ foote, at I yarks steigh off her shooder, an pashes 
afore her, an I soon hears her roarin out, " titter up 
brant hovver." As soon as ivver we gat tot' laithe, 
1 looks up for Sail, an, God forgimme, I cudn't hod 
fray laughin, when I sees her kronkin astride oW 
bawk, her hair full of Attercops, raackin a feaful hey- 
ba, and gloarin wi' her een like onny hullet in a 
loup hole. We soon reared up th' steigh, bud 
happenin to be full weet shorts't, we sammM up 
to-a-three desses o' hay, an put it on't, an seea we gat 
her down saaf. I paid her, an fettlM her reight, an 
gav her a Hie threapen, camplin Dannot, my vardite, 
I sighed her lugs for her, an warm'd her jerkin wi' a 
sound switching, an bensilPd her purely, to mack 
her think on, girt sled-hoffs, how she com theear 
nesht time. 

Giles. War Dick mich war ? 

Brid. Hees gitten a girt cowl on his heead, an 
hurt his shooder baan. He becom stark efter a bit, 
an roopy wi' bellin an roarin. He blother'd an 
slavverM like onny bull cauf. He wor seea sadly flaid, 
at he sweeat while he reek'd ageean. But what 
grievM me mare than aw wor, hees riven a pare o* 
breeks ommost to fatters, at wor maad for him brand 
new to gang a yewlin in last Kersmus. I thoute, for* 
sure, when I gat up, that chatterin nanpie, peark'd 
¥*&' ran-tree, betided naa good, at did 'e. 

Giles. Is yawer Tom Strang enif now to grave 
flalis P 

Brid. Ay, barn ! hees waxen a gay, leathewake, 
fendible, whelkin, haspenald tike, and thou sees, i* 
thur hard times, we tnun teugh an addle summat, an 
as t* weather hez just taan up, we mun lig too't. 

Giles. Wha, wha, as t' weather hez been seea 
unsartin, an t'rain hez fawn seea mich i' planets, titter 
and better. 



Brid. Thou hezn't tell'd me yet, Giles, what 
to wanted wi' ower Tom. 

Giles, I wanted him to drive me some beeas an 
sheep to Girston, to summer theear. Thou minds, 
t'weather soon on i'th' spring, eftert' breck o' that 
caum storm, wor *eea pelsy, coud, and raty, followed 
wi' sitch a snithe, hask wind, at I've hardly ony gerse 
o'th' land, at I winter-ferr'd,grund war seea kizzin'd; 
seea Pse i* some measer forced to fest owte two ousen, 
neen gimmer mug'd hogs, hauf a score a spaaned 
lambs, a dozen dinmans, a why, two stirks, an three 
twinters. Yd aimed to a sent wi* ; em ower dodded 
seg. Bud hees gain back o'lat, as fast as dike watter, 
his harl sticks up, for an t'ward, like an urchin's 
back. I mist my chap sa ly. Bout two months sin 
butcher Roberts put earlts into my hand, an bad me 
ten pund neen for him, an I wor to a geen him hauf- 
a-crown ageean ; bud as 1 bout him in an seea heigh 
en end at Aptrac fair, for he wor a mortal nice viewly 
wandy beast, at war he, when E bout him in, I cud 
not thoal him at onny sike figure. Sin sine I mud a 
swapt him wi' Jammy Tennant, for a dozen Scotch 
yows ; bud, girt hobbil at I war, as times are seea 
slack, I mist my chance, I didnH coup wi J him. — 
Sudn't he kreutin up soon, I sail be forced, efter au, 
to send him to Colne market. Gwer hay war seea 
leet an winded, aut average, seea cowarse an roody, 
my stock hez thriven vara ill ; they're nout at an bud 
kite. It's time for me to lap up, I sail be parfitly 
shigg'd an I gang on mich langer thus, for three 
stirks an a Scotch runt torfiU'd autogither last Avril. 
How dos't cow prove yovver Joan bout o' me ? 

Brid. We thowt how wee'd wared ower brass to 
a good end, an hed sped weel, as shoe gav a gay 
soap at first like, an her milk war feaful ritch an 
Make. Bud shoe now daws vara ill, her yowyer is 
seea hellerd wi't J fellon, at its parlous ommost reakin 
yans hands to her paps. I war i* girt hoaps shoe wad 
a warish'd fore this, bud her butter's yet seea ram at 
it'sfit for nowght bud liggin by tot' back end for sheep 
b3 



10 



sauve. Shoe pares fast, Fse flaid efter au, I sail be 
forced to signe her. This note's lile good tul. 

Giles. Come, as Fve hed a sleeveless erraud, an 
Fse seea mislippen'd, I mun endays, anters neet be 
orarae fore I git back fray Girston. 

Brid. iNay, man, hovver a bit, let's hev a bit 
maar o'thy jav ver. Fd ommost forgitten to ax the to 
lend us yower steigh, while we git yan maad, we look 
for th' reets an sagers to-morn. They hagged a nice 
birk for't yusterneet, at grew atop o'th' Eealand, on 
some acker moud, claas to th' turmups. Joan war 
sadly greav'd it wor seea stoven'd wi' fawin. 

Giles. Ye may hev it to lite on, an welcome. 

Brid. Thou's nivver tell'd me yet whether ye've 
gitten in aw yower eldin, Giles. 

Giles. Naa, nut we, marry, for my daam hez 
been seea seek, at I war forced to send th' lad for V 
potticar, God knaws, how oft last week, an I knan't 
whether shoes onny better for awt' posumful stuff hees 
geen her. He gav her a pick last neet, thou minds, 
it war naa sooner down ner it blew her up like a fuz- 
baw, at shoe parfitly rifted ageean ; I sana mander a 
good it did her efter aw, bud mack her as wake as a 
wassel. 

Brid. Fse feaful waa to larn shoes seea vara 
silly, what think ye on her? 

Giles. Naa, God knaws what to think on her, 
shoe hods mitch at yan like, cant and deftly i'th' 
mornin, an she feels seea leetsome an cobby, an can 
tottle an tantle about a bit, Fse sometimes i' hoapes 
shoe's cruitin up ageean; bud happen shoe's nut 
been up aboon hauf an howr, 'fore shoe begins to be 
vara tim'rous an keisty, an as teathy as a steg in 
yate, an then shoe maddles an taums ower in a sweb, 
as seek as a peeat. 

Brid. Dos't hod her a girt while ? 

Giles. Ay, a gay bit, and shoe' seea gaumless. 
shoe hardly kens ower Sail. 

Brid. Waist heart, how's her stomach ? 



11 



Giles. Wha, naa girt matters at it, for shoe's 
nut itten hauf book o' my kneaf sin Monday cum 
a sennight, shoe's seea clench an keeker. 

Br id. Mare pity ! 

Giles. If shoe nobud cud bide to gang out a bit^ 
I've a girt thout fair wod be o' sarvice to her. — 
Bud shoe's seea silly an wake at present, I'se vara 
sure 'twod be to mitch for her. 

Brid. Does shoe sleep weel ? 

Giles. Naa matters as to that, it's nout bud a 
brokken sloum, an then shoe teugbs an taves about 
seea mitch, at shoe's sure to poit off aw her happin. 
At times she stinns feafully in her douvens, we con- 
sate shoe's ridden be th' bitch doughter. Nows an 
thens shoe's girds o' peffin an coughin, an ruttles in 
her wezzen, an it hods her seea lang, at yau wad 
think her leeis were tainted. 

Brid. If shoe nobbud cud git a bit a natur- 
able rist, shoe wod sam up strength fast, an I wish to 
God shoe may, for oud lang syne. 

Giles. As soon as ivver shoe can bide it, I aim 
to baad her i'th' beck. 

Brid. An the donot gang an douk 'em when 
they sweeat, I guess a good sowlin is a feaful 
stregthenin thing. 

Giles. Thou kuaws, Bridget, we're vara bane 
tot' beck, an we mun mind to tack her as soon as 
th' sweeating gird's off her ; but, girt like, shoe'l 
tack uncuth tul't at first. 

Brid. Wiah, that's what ; bud then, how can 
ye baad her in seea lile a soap o' watter. 

Giles. We can dem it up a bit, an mack a dub 
a gay dipness. 

Brid. Fse flaid ye'Jl do her a mischief, do as 
deftly as ye can, it's seea staany. 

Giles. An that be aw, we can douk her i' our 
gimlin. 

Brid. When I sa the last neet, it quite scapp'd 
my memory to tell the, that while ower folk wor at 
flah moor yesterday, there com a fine mack of a 



12 



prossin, flybysky, uncoth fellow down ower foud, by t' 
peeat hul, to V house door, ower bitch yowlin fea- 
fuliy aw t' while. Thou minds, as I wor cowerM 
down b\ t' fire nookin, claas tot* hood end, twinan 
some cowarse gam, maad fra sheep ^owdins, my 
kneeaves an deet wi' seam, I sa him eomin, seea I 
yark'd up i' a crack, an ast him what he wa ted. — 
He began wi' saying, " Good day to you, good 
woman, have you grot a barn ?" Aye, say> I, hauf 
a dozen. "One, my friend," says he, " is quite 
enough for me." Seea, at that, barn, I \ arks intot* 
house, an hug* out lile Bill, an, says 1 to him, as he 
wor standing hard by t' midden seead, here's yan 
on J em. what want jevi J him? At that he began 
to snertan laugh me feafully to scorn, an I thowt, for 
sure, he wad a brosten his sell fore he gave ower. I 
war then so hotterin mad at I cud hide na langer, an 
says I to him, ye may happen think yoursel finely 
donn'd and pouther'd, bud I'se vara sure ye' re naa 
gentleman tack ye that, or ye wadn't bebaav i' sike 
a shamful way to a poor si ly woman. 

Gtks. What said he to that, Bridget ? 

JBrifL Said, wha, efter I'd flaat him soundly, 
seeing me in sike turmoil, an macking a girt coil, he 
began to soften a bit ; an said, in a gizenin way, 
" Good woman, don't be offended, 1 only want a 
place to put my horse in" An that be aw, said I, 
ye mud astite at yunce, bout laughin me to scorn 
seea 'bout my poor barns, hev esh'd for ower laithe, 
for there's roum enif an bouses plenty theear, an ye 
may tack yer yaud theear yoursel, if ye like, for I'll 
nut thrang mysel wi' ye. 

Giles. Thou gav't him reight theear, Bridget, 
fort' finest gentleman i'th' waard sail nivver frump ner 
mack a fool o'me ; an what said he then ? 

Brid. Efter he'd chopp'd his yaud i't' laithe, he 
then com owert' ass-midden tot' door, gat agait o* 
fabbin me, an says, in a snod flagin way, " I shall 
trouble you again, if you please. Be so good as to 
lend me your ladder," Waa, says I, as ye'r' an 



13 



uncoth man ; for aw ye bey not behaved tumme in a 
vara gradely way, Til fotch it. Seea, thou minds, I 
gangs up tot' glass eaas, an tacks up t'saap an brush 
fra' behint pewter doubler, at Joan bed been shavin 
bissel wi' last Sabbath mornin. An he'd naa sooner 
clapt his e'en on 'em, ner I think i' my heart he 
wherried an snerted at me harder ner iv ver, at he 
keckled while he varily kinkt ageean, an byt' meskins, 
an IM hed beesom i' my hands, I wad ayther a geen 
him a ketty cur, a girt clout ourt' head, or degg'd 
him purely wi' oud lant. 

Gilts. Thou wad a sarraed him reight and to't 
hed. 

Brid. Obsarvin I wadn't be dung up wi' him, 
ner put up wi' his titt' ring, scornful sneer, he says, 
in a cantin flagein way, as an butter wadn't melt i' his 
mouth, " My good woman, I am sorry you so misun- 
derstand me, I only wished to have some steps or a 
ladder to get upon the hay mow, to give my horse a 
little hay." A ledder, for sure, to get on tot' hay 
mow. Think ye, says I, that sike behavour as yours 
desai ves onny favvor, seea, clappin baath kneaves 
to my huggans, I tells him i ? a stoar voice, as lang 
as I'se maister o' this house, will-to shall-to, yees 
naan hev ya mouthful. 

Giles. Proud Kickshaw ! he war nivver at yan 
wi' hissell, he didn't knaw his awn mind fra ya 
minute to another. Thou held him up strangly, 
Bridget, what did he then ? 

Brid He then steud claas toth' staan benk, 
reared like London puther, looked vara glum an 
gruff, pood aut a rid book, an wrate down aw t' 
windows. 

Gilts Odsheart, Bridget, theaugh gat into a 
feaful aacker'd hobble, hedto knaan titter at he wor 
a window peeper, theugh wadn't a been seea flaid o' 
thy hay. An what said he then ? 

Brid. Wiah, just as an nowght hed happened, 
an he'd been gayly used to flighting he says tumme, 



14 



" I will now be much obliged to you to shew me the 
best road to Burnsa." 

Giles. I dare say, thou wor fain enif to git shut 
on him. 

Brid. Eye, that wor e. Bud thou minds I nivver 
gav him another misbehodden word, flaid ov a sur- 
charge, I gits at top o't' assmidden an tells him, as 
plain as tongue cud speeak, to mind to gang down 
claas tot' Reean i' Joan Thompson's Ing, then straight 
endas ower Howgill, seea ower staany Bits, at bod- 
dam o* Scar claas, through Harrison Intack, an to 
be sure to mind to gang down first gait at hods tot' 
reight. 

Giles. It wor aw as plain as a pike staff; it's 
unpossable thou cud a tell'd him a gainer gait. 

Brid. Seea thowght I, bud, girt gauvison, i'th* 
roum o' gangin downt' first gait, he open'd first yait 
he com at. 1 prisently spies him i' ower hay claas, 
out' headland, anent waw, paupin an peepan about 
gin he wor spy in for hares. Eye, barn, I sa him 
ride twice seea about claas, spaudin an staupin ower 
girse maast shaamfully, for thou knaws, ower grund's 
a bit soupy. 

Giles. His pride seems to ha' gitten better ov 
his uvver stoary. He mun be off at side, er he 
wadn't be insens'd. Did he fin his rooad efter aw P 

Brid. Nay, barn, he com back ageean, raad up 
to me stickle-but, an began to threap me down how 
1 ied teli'd him aw wrang; seea. thou minds, to keep 
nim eea good humour, for aw I'd shew'd him th' 
gainest gait afore, toth' best o' my wittin, I gangs 
agaitards wi' him, an sets him as far ast' loau heead, 
While I'd been fliohtin him 'bout t'lile leet i't J milkus, 
owr coddy foal, bay stag, astotl, two drapes, three 
stirks, an a cauf, gat out at yait, at this brazzen 
jackanapes hed left oppen. What hed I to do, bud 
gang an late 'em all owert' moor. Nut bein i' good 
graith, I war seea swelted, at 1 sweeat like a brock, 
an wor as wit as I'd been shearin or loukin awt' day 
i'th* corn field. We louping ower dubs, laches au 



15 



sikes, I maad my sark as wit as drip, at it sil'd 
ageean, an as yollo as a daffodowdilly wi' car watter ; 
my stockiiis war deeted up tot' mid leg, an my shooii 
war par fit sops ; my petticoat wer seea darted an 
slatted, at it war pai filly barked m' muck; an I 
scrat'ed my shins sadly wi* ling collins, ya foote war 
feafully plish'd ; bud what greev'd me maar ner aw 
war, I lost my hollin busk, finely flower'd, at my 
husband namma 'fore I war wed. Wi* runnin eftert' 
beease I war quite fash'd, 1 gat my fit tether' d amang 
some seaves, an dang some skin off my noaz, an hed 
liked to hev scratted taa ee' out. 

Giles. Thouz been sadly tossecated wi t lile 
window peeper, he broute the into a peck o' 
troubles. 

Brid. Eye, forsure, it wor aw alang o' him, bud 
thouz hear. E cornin back ageen, whenid gitten 
anent sheep beeld, I spies alantum off two shooters. 
They macks up tumme in a crack, an owergat me 
afoar I reak'd t' aum tree. They war seea clemm'd, 
at tliey war feaful fain to pike amangst shrogs some 
shoups, bur^mlekites, an hindberries. 

Giles. Wor the gentlefoak ? 

Brid. Eye, be ther talk they wor, bud the^r 
war vara plainly donn'd, i' short doublets, for awt j 
ward like shay lads. 

Giles. It caps yan now a days, Bridget, to 
ken quality fra poor foak, wi' ther short poud heeads^ 
'bout powther Women er not mitch better. Ow £ 
Jin com haam fra sarvice at Bolton i't' Moors, Seter- 
day come a sennight, an her awn mother hardly 
kenn'd her, for aw shoe nobbud left haam last Fastness 
een, an shoe war pubble an grosh, an i' vara good 
likein ; an shoe hedn't been seea bedizen'd an trans- 
mogrified, shoe wod a hed a feaful blush of her 
mother. 

Brid. Thou knaws shoe ollas favvor'd her. 

Giles. Eye, forsure shoe did like, bud then shoe 
us'd to hev a dasent lang waist, bud now shoe's aw 
legs. It warn't seea when thou war a young lass, 



16 



Bridget. I can tell agin't wor yusterday, sin thou 
hed as nice a lang waist as onny body, as slim an as 
smaw eye as an arran. 

Brid. Eye, that hed I, Giles. I naa patience 
wi' theer flairin wa) a donnin now a days ; ivvery 
thing hings seea side on 'em. It's nowght at aw, 
antul believe me, bud a blinnd to hid ther sham wi'. 
For I defy the to find j em out howivver girt they 
er. Dosto nut knaw, how neighbour Roberts wor 
for sendin their douter to plaas, vara nesht mornin 
(for shoed gitten her god's-penny at Otley statties), 
when she war gard to out we'et, an tell how shoed 
- gitten, what t'ward now caws, nobbud &slip. 

Giles. A slip ! it warn't seea caud i* thy time. 
Foak didn't stick at cawin it by its reight naam ; they 
wad then a gten it na lanein. Bud, now they're 
gitten into a hugger mugger way ov softenin it off, 
estead o' puttin an end to sike shamful wark. 

Brid. Her awn mother, barn, fann naa faat wi' 
her, a mucky frow, bud thowght how aw wor reijfht, 
when shoe war parfitly at down liggin. I heeard lang 
sin, at shoed gitten a wooster, an how shoed been 
thrawn owert* hawk some Sundays back, bud if what 
thou says be true, shoe's in a likly way to hing theer. 

Giles. Wooster ! wheeaz shoe gitten ? 

Brid. Yan o' Brown's lads, A vara pratty 
wooster etraath, I'se parfitly gloppen'd to think how 
Roberts wad let sike a lousith-heft, jack-a-leggs come 
owert' door-stones. Parents er maar behauf to blaam 
ner their poor barns. 

Giles. Blaam ! I've oft heeard Roberts gee 'em 
good counsel. 

Brid. I see thouz fain to beet him out, bud 
wha^s counsel good tull an it beeant back'd be a 
good example. An parents tell their barns to speak 
truth, to mack use o' naa foul says, to be painful 
honest an godly, what does aw that sinnify, an they 
thersels winnot stick at tellin lees, bannin an talkin 
bawdy, an er drukken an full ov aw mander o' rogery. 
It's for aw t'ward az an barns hadn't een az weel as 



17 



sars. Joan an me, God be thank'd, hev not mich to 
blaam owersells wi' o* that heeod. We baath giv 
^m good counsel, an we hoap, good examples, by 
livin' daily i'th' fear o' God. As to drissin, nay- 
body cud ivver dorm plainer ner Joan an me. Bud 
it's naa wonder i' ther times, an young lasses sud 
now an then donn out at way a bit, when sougers or 
aw foak er seea full o' ther nonsense. Ower lad 
com haam t'other neet wi' a girt garth* teed to baath 
sides ov his breeks, at reeaks ower baath shooeders. 

Giles. What use cud that be on thinksto ■? 

Brid. He says, how it's to help i' a lang 
march. 

Giles. Doesn'to knaw what they caw 'em ? 

Brid. Nay, sure don't I. 

Giles* They gee 'em two names, a braas an a 
gallows. 

Brid. Gallows ! Oh my poor lad ! Eye, I see 
plainly now, whar that invention springs fray. Antul 
believe me, it comes fray some Tom Painer i' power, 
wheea hez girt say i' Parliament, an hez counseli'd 
mjain on 'em to believe it as summat vara useful, an. 
at first geen it t'name of a brace, nobbud az a blinnd. 
Waa-worth that lang-heeoded winner-neb'd rascad 
Boany, he cares nut a haupenny piece what expence 
an trouble he put other foak tull, seeabetide he can 
gain his ends an saav hissell. Thou may lite on't, 
it's aw a shift of his noddle to saav raap, powther an 
shot. Ananters he does lick us, an naabody knaws 
how an arrow may glent, he'll tuck up aw ower Vo- 
lunteers be ther gallowses, i' iv'ry tree he comes at, 
thou'li see 'em flackerin about like flay-craws. 

Giles. I'd leever be shot a dozen times ower, 
ner dee sike an outo't'way lingerin deeath. 

* Braces were first used by the Craven peasants soon 
after the commencement of the late French war. At the 
time the Craven Volunteers were embodied, poor Bridget 
was alarmed by this new, and to her, incomprehensible 
article of dress* 



18 



Brid. I'll tell the what, Giles, as soon as ivver 
he gits haam, belive, I'll nifle 'em fray him, an 
ayther feeal 'em er thraw 'em into't' fire, hees nivver 
trail his awn gallows at his back as lang as I can 
help it. 

Giles. Thou's maad sike a feaful lang perammle 
*bout donnin o' them lasses an sougers, at thouz 
nivver tell'd me whar them shooters war gangin 
tull. 

Brid. Gangin tull ! wha! they'd lost thersels at 
top at moor, an cudn't hit t'way back ageean. They 
war feaful fain, I promise the, when they clapt ther 
een o' me, an a wunnin naa girt way off. They 
esh'd way to Moor Cock Hall. They war seea sadly 
doon for, wi' trailin i'th' ling efter moorgam, at I 
cud do naa less ner mack boud to esh him intot' house, 
for aw it wor aw a clunter. 
Giles. Wad the gang in ? 

Brid. Eye, forsure; an az they wor Outners, 
for naabody's door, for aw I say it, oppens gladder 
ner wer awn to fremd foak. I maad mitch on 'em, 
an gav 'em reight freely sike odments as 1 hed i't' 
house, a beef collop, a rasher of bacon, beside butter 
an whangby. I maad ivv'ry thing, bud mysel, as nate 
as I weel cud> 1 spreead taable claath, abit boorly 
for sure, an happen nut seea simmit as they'd been 
tised tull, bud then it wor dasant an cleean, an they 
fannd naa faut weet, bud maad as free as owt, an 
squatted down tuPt feeaful cheerfully at lang-settle> 
'bout whishins. 

Giles. Eye> eye, as t'sayin is, hunger's best 
saace. 

Brid. Bud thouz hear. While I wor fryin col* 
lops, yan on 'em glents his ee up at breead fleeak, an 
says tumme, I find you are leather dressers as well 
as farmers. 

Giles. I think i' my heart, (low be it spokken) at * 
gentlefoak, for maist what, ken less ner onny body. 

Brid. Whisht, Whisht, Giles ! leeast said soon- 
feat mended* 



19 



Giles. Isn't it a vara hard caas, pray-the-now, 
at yan munnot oppen ther mind a bit ? Thou sees 
plainly, how th' girt fonlin didn't ken what havver 
cake war. 

Brid. Noa, barn, he teuk 'em, as they laid at 
fleeak, for round bits o' leather. 1 ax'd him to taste 
it, an see tacks up t' beesom start, potters yan down, 
an keps it i' my appron. He then nepp'd a lile wee 
nookin on't, nut validum o' my thoum naal, an 
spluttered it out ageean, gloaring gin it wor puzzum, 
an efter aw I cud say, I cudn't counsel Mother to 
taste aytber it or some bannocks, they wor dazzed a 
bit, for sure. It war girt luck at I hed some efter 
temsin breead i't' Aumry, as they didn't set mitch 
stoar omme breead. Ther dogs warn,t at aw deuch, 
they maad naa proud orts, I promise thee, for they 
licked up to-a-three neapons o' meal, at I fetched out 
o't' ark, an soss'd up a gay soap o' blue milk an lop- 
per'd ream, out of our §ritt flann'd dish 

Giles. Did thy outcumlins matter thy collops ? 

Brid. Eye marry, they cadged ther houl-ham- 
pers, an sleck'd thersels wi' a meas potful or two o* 
grout, a bit heeocly an flizzeu for sure, just tacken out 
at guilefat, for ower Strang drink barrel war quite 
toom'd, an I war saary for't, for it war a soap a mor- 
tal good drink, bud there warn't a sigh left. They 
behaav'd like gentlefoak when they'd doon, for they 
gamme twelve groats. Efter aw, I went a gaitards 
wr* 'em to Moorcock Hall, forthere's a plezur i* 
waitin o' down reight quality, theye'r nut hauf seea 
dench ner seea difficult as them maacky upstarts. 

Giles. Thouz seea bobberous an keckahoop wi' 
thy twelve groats, au seea ta'en up wi' thy quality, 
at thouz quite an clear forgitttn t' lile whipper snap- 
per window-peeper, whar comes he fray ? 

Brid. Hodto a bit. Til tell the aw enow. I 
think i' my heart there nivver war V marrow to the. 
Thouz nut a morsel o' patience, thou will hev titter 
gait in omme, I've nut tell'd the aw yet. For 
surely nivver onny poor crayture went thro J seea 
c 2 



20 



monny troubles i' ya day. Ya trouble fell seea fast 
at neck of another. 

Giles. Come, out wi* 't then, Bridget. 

Brid. Wha, i* gangin haam, efter I left my 
quality, it soon becom dosky. Oh ! Giles ! my 
knees parfitly whacker ageean atthowtes o* what Fse 
boun to tell the. 

Giles. Heaven's sake ! what wort* matter ? 

Brid. Wha, when Pd reakM Black-hill Crag, 
that feaful onely plat, Oh ! Giles ! nivver war poor 
woman i* sike a tackin. 

Giles. Outweet, out weet, Bridget, what wor 
the to do ? 

Brid. Wha, vara first thing 1 clapp'd my een 
on wort' Dule in a feaful flash o' fire. 

Giles. Dule ! Oh, hersto bud, barn, how thou 
talks ? 

Brid. Talk ! I talk truly, at do I, an I nobbud 
can believe my awn een. He mun be that ai's nowt, 
ayther Oud Nick or a Guy trash. 

Giles. What wor he like ? 

Brid. I can hardly tell what he wor like, I wor 
sea maz'd ; for my heart loup'd up to my mouth 
at seet on't; an aw at yunce I brack into a muck 
sweeat, at did I. 

Giles. Didto see his horns ? 

Brid. Horns ! eye, I think I did etraath, they 
wor aw out as lang as yower girt Ousens ! An his 
een as big as pewther doublers, flash' d fire maast 
feafully. 

Giles. They say how't Dule hez a tail, didto 
see it. 

Brid. Eye, I saa it, an moreower ner that, felt 
it ; for he lash'd it to an fra at naa Hie rate. 

Giles. Did he lig a laam o' the ? 

Brid. Naa; for I dropt ornmy knees, an worded 
a lile prayer, an then I defied him; for, thou knaws, 
God's ollas aboont' Dule. Bud for aw I war sartain 
he cudn't hurt me, my knees b^ad whackerin ; bud 
I crept by as wheemly as I weel cud, he nivver 



21 



hurt m hair o' my htad, at did he not, for a lile bit 1 
stead at whetbers which gait to gang, bud at efter I 
yunce gat off 1 did dirl it away mbank. 

sa\s thou sa him at Blackhill 
Crag? 

Brid. Eye. at that vara spot. 

Giles P or B ud g et , I lile tbowte at thou, of 
air foak, wad ha* b^ aft fondlin. T h I 

as f o caws him, were noot i'th' ward bud a horse 
heead. For oor lads, d doon graavin at 

Flab moor, began a tratchin an lakin. T :\ad an 
end horse scaup, an teed tel't a hie kid o' ling, wr* 
a piece a raap, 'bout a y erd an a haof lang. They then 
fetrl'd it up, clapp'd it at top o' Blackhill Cragg, an 
feeted to-a-three le^geren o J peeots at side > — 
I. get, war that dreeadful flash o' fire ; an 

:g, at bong ower't Crag, an blaw'd 
about wiM' wind, wort* lashin o' thy Dule til — 
Ah ! ah ! ah ! poor Bri g et, ftm r . liear t'last 

Brid. Thou needn't laugh me seea feeafuDy to 
scorn about it, hed thou bin theear, thou wad ha* 
bin war flaad befrauf. Waawort ?..:. I 

catch 'em, by jen I'll rem man 'em, an sigh ther hgi 
for 'em. Now, Giles, antul mack me a promise nut 
rer foak about this Dule ; for, thou linifa, I 
maad 'em as flaad mysel, III tell the aw about I 
tfhdav peeper. 

Wh I I then . Whar comes that lile 
▼hipper snapper window peeper fray ? Skipton ? 

Brid. Skipton, nay 5 I > inmost sure 

lie comes fray London, for I can hardly word 

i' ten, he knacks an talks seea fine, an macks us 
sike outlandish gibberish. 

GUes. What mack of a tit did he ride on ? 

Brid, A dasant, jump, bay yaud, w? a churchiTd 
mane. 

Bke, it wert* vara saam fellow at 
raad, at a girt bat, down ower loan, just when I'd 
s warm'd upf wicken tree. I war standin , thou minds, 

L 3 



22 



i'th' grainin, an snaggin off some boos at aumered 
t'gait, when his skaddle tit, glentin its ee up at me, 
took boggle, maad a girt flounder, an ran back 'geeant 
mistow nookin. He'd sure a bin thrawn, hedn't he 
click' d hod o't' mane wi' ya hand, an tail band wi' 
t'other; an, Isle puppy, an he hedn't yark'd baath 
spurs intot' flank, shoe'd a doft him efter aw. 

Brid. 1 sud ha' been feaful fain to a seen t'lile 
window peeper, a proud, maacky, puppy dog, seea 
flaid. Hed I ben theear, I wod a clapt a bunch o' 
nettles undert' yaud's tail, and maad her spangwhew 
him owert' waw, and pash'd an bray'd his harnes out. 
I wad a towt him, a skewin, pryin taad, to come tot* 
moorside ageean peepin an skewin about V ivv'ry 
nook. 

Giles. There warn't mich need for nettles, FH 
uphodto, Bridget, for i' aw the born days thou 
nivver sa owght look seea dash'd an sackless. He 
war parfitly ov a muck sweeat. 

Brid. Fs fain on't, lile Jack-a-dandy. 

Giles. Thou's na marcy o't' lile fellow, bud's 
ollas gnatterin an hypin at him. Bud thou hesn't 
tell'd me yet what V husband said when he com 
haam fra' Flay Moor. 

Brid. Say ! wha, he wor hotterin mad, an 
play'd th' moats an hangment, an wod a fain seen 
that lile peepin dule ; for he wad a geen him his 
creepins, an sike a hezlin an a whalin as wad a maad 
his wezzon parfitly wherkin ageean. 

Giles. Didto finnd thy stag an thy beeas efter 
aw ? 

Brid. Eye, I fann'd 'em, efter gangin a lang 
way o'th' back o'th' Croanberry wham, an I thowie, 
forsure, iff brock-faced branded stirk hedn't rauted 
feaful iy, I nivver sud a fun 'em. Ise ilaid ower 
stag'il be kensmark'd, as hees dung some hair off his 
nar huggan an cammerel. 

Giles. Blend some soote an swine saam togi- 
ther, an clap't toth' spot, an he'll happen ail na maar 
on't. Didto, see onny cranberries, Bridget P I mun 



23 



late some for ower Squire, hez formill'd three quarts 
omma. It's 'boon a fortneet sin he stevven'd 'em. 

Brid. I sa vara few, 1 think they're a mack a 
scantish to-year. There's a gay to-a-three a blaaber- 
ries. They lig seea rank o'th' grund at thou mud 
fill a maund in a crack. 

Giles. Hesto heardt' news ? 

Brid. What news? 

Giles. Wha, ower T( m wor at Skipton fair 
this week, and he brings word howf talk gangs theear 
at Bonny'll be here in a crack, an how orders are 
geen to leet awt' beacons, Monday come a sennight. 

Brid. Oh, hearsto ! God shild it. They'll be sad 
wark, Fs fear'd, i'th' end on't. 

Giles. Them men '11 hev a bonny easy peddle 
ont' top o'th' beacon for their hauf a crown a day. 

Brid. Dunnot they tent aw neet ? 

Giles. Nay, they nobbud sud do. 

Brid. Sud it be frost an snaw, 1 aim, they'll be 
fain to steeal to bed. 

Giles. Bud, etraath, sud they be taan nappin 
be t'owerlooker, he'll soon skift 'em. 

Brid. What ha' the to do theer, Giles ? 

Giles. They've nowght to do bud to mack a girt 
bloaz, ananters they spy a leet i'F other beacons. 

Brid. It'll shut a power o' brass. 

Giles. It will, naa doubt, swattle away a seet 
o' silver, bud its better to loaz hauf ner aw. 

Brid. That's sure enif ; for, fra' aw accounts, that 
Bonny's a feeaful girt rogue; he sheds aw I ivver 
lieard tell on; hees nivver whiat, hees olias agait o' 
some brabblement, rampin an reavin at iv'ry thing ; an 
let what will happen, hees sure to keep tail i'F watier, 
an hez naa sooner lick'd ya country, ner hees raumia 
at another. 

Giles. They say he proffers girt things to aw 
his sougers, as soon as ivver they can git a footeing 
on oud England. Habat him, weeel sizzup him au 
he does come, for, byth' mess, as fauce as he is, Fve 
a girt persavance how ower navvy an volunteers, fair 



24 



faw 'em, say I, o'l ayther snape 'em or let leet intul 
*em, an then, aw his fraps an brabblements o'l stand 
him i' naa steead. 

Brid. Our lad's quite bobberous, an aw a roav. 
He leeads a filthy peyl iv'ry day, wi' his prancin an 
hakin about. He'd naa sooner come tot' doorstans, 
wi' his fine cockade in his hat, ner it parfitly rnaad 
my heart wark when I clapt my een on him. Thinks 
I to mysel, what'll become omme, sud I loaz my poor 
lad i' my oud age. 

Giles. It stands us aw i' hand to bide thur hard 
times, Bridget, 'bout a graan. Hesn'to heeard how 
Boanny behaav'd tot' poor Hanovarians, an tot* 
braav Swish, how it warn't enif for him to tack their 
lads, bud their wives an douters, eye, an their vara 
beds they hed to lig on ? 

Brid. What a brash raggald ! hees sure to gang 
tot* dule whick, if he duunot mend soon. 

Giles. Wiah, naabody can be saaf as lang as 
that bullockin rascad lives. He leetens to be a 
gradely fello, bud he braads o'th' dog i't' boose, he'll 
nayther itt hissel ner let onuy body else itt. Wadhe 
hed a fire-poit er a rid hoat hottel in his throttle. — 
An he wor to come, I wad spangwhew him back 
ageen owert' dub. 

Brid. Thou says vara reight, poor as we er, we 
sud be far warse wor he to come ; for he wad, naa 
doubt, mack a sad derse amang us ; Joan an me ha' 
notmichto crack on, bud we can mack shift to live 
in a gradely, menceful, heppen way, an I wad be waa 
to soap it for awt' French freedom they make sike 
frap about. There's naa trusting 'em, Giles, for 
they're aw of an ill reek; an I'd leaver dee ner live 
xsnder sike a braungin gaustrin taistril. 

Giles. Oliver w r ar ill enif, bud this Boanny's 
t'uptack of aw. 

Brid. They say our neighbour Williams chun- 
ters, an is quite down i'th' mouth, an is seea flaid, 
at hees buried aw his goud i'th' garth, an at hees 
naa sooner stockenth* door, an slotted sneek, ner 



25 



he tines it wi' three feaful Strang bouts iv'ry 
neet. 

Giles. Thou knaws Williams wor ollas a dowly, 
swamous, meaverly mack of a chap, an bed a daft 
heart; an arran, or a whackerin of an espin leaf 
■wad aflaid him out of his wits. Etraath, Pse saary 
for him, for hees oft been my beet-need ; an tack 
him aw i' aw, hees a gay, spon sable, oiid farrendly 
fellow. 

Brid. Sud onny body come sharp up an peylt' 
door, efter it's dosky, hees parfitly gloppen'd ; 
hees seea flouter'd, he cowers, bis knees whackers, 
his teeth dithers, an his een gloar, as an he war 
stark mad. He then macks a feaful stir wi' t' tangs, 
yarks upt' nre-poit, beets fire, bangs th' reckon, 
skifts his chair, an pees about, but, for awt' ward, he 
daren't oppenth' door, for feear'd Boanny^s come to 
fotch him an aw his gear. He dare hardly lig i' 
bed hees seea freeten'd. 

Giles. Poor Williams is a swamous, cowardly 
chap. 

Brid. Pse flaid, an a mack a waily i' times my- 
sel, when I study ower thur things ; nows an thens a 
good book giz me spirits. Efter I com fra' t' kirk 
last Sabbath day, I teuk up th' bible, as I oft do, 
an rid a deal consarnin Nebuchadnezzar, how God 
let him flourish an roy a girt while, nobbud to mack 
his downfaw maar freetful. An, how do we knaw, 
bud Boanny hissel is letten to crob ower t'other 
nation, for a bit, at he may hev a faw like Nebuchad- 
nezzar, to show tot' ward what lile trust is to be 
put i' villainy an vain glory ; God be thank'd, we 
hev a good king, an oft hez my heart wark'd for him 
when them raggaldy Tompainers seea beset him. T* 
Aumeety hez thus far presarv'd him, an if we nobbud 
hev graas to behaav as we sud do, he will naa doubt 
shield us fra J aw his plots. 

Giles. Thou parfitly maddles me wi' aw thy 
bible larnin, thou hods forth like onny laucol, 
bud i' spite of aw thy javver, i' thur kittle times* 



26 



hees sartainly a happy man, Bridget, wheea hez naa 
fears. As for my shar, Fve lile to loaz ; bud, for 
aw that, it wad greave me saarly to see sike a leein 
taistrail, an restless, skeller brained raggamuffin as 
Boanny git a sattlement amang uz. Fse poor enif, 
God knaws, to begin wi', bud, Fse vara sartain, war 
that Carnal raggabrash to come here, he wad rid us 
in a crack, an tack fray us awt' lile wehed. 

Brid. Eye, girt like, bud God presarve us, say 
I, an send us naa war deed. 

Giles. Amen, an good day to the, for it's heigh 
time for me to be shoggin off towards Girston. — 
Fs like to be gangin now, barn, for I've naa time to 
hearken to thy lang winded stoaries, for thou chatters 
Jike onny Nan pie. 

Brid. Thouz ollas at nestle. There's time enif 
*fore neet, I warrant to, to git fra' Girston, 'bout 
chunterin an chaffin seea mitch about it. Howsom- 
ivver, anto will be shoggin off, good journey to the. 



END OF DIALOGUE FIRST 



DIALOGUE II. 



Bridget. What, Giles, thous gitten back then* 
fray Girston. 

Giles. Eye, but I'll uphodto, I'd a saar day 
bn't, wi teughin eftert' beeos, they scutter'd about 
seea, I wor quite fash'd an doon for, afore I gat 
haara, at dosk. 

Br id. What thou raad, did'nto ? 

Giles. Raad ! aye, I raad o' shanks-galloway* 

Brid. I marvel at that, as I sa yower yaud 
i'th' garth i'th' mornin. 

Giles. Is yower Joan at haam ? I's com to tell 
him, at he mun gang to William Palay's, at Skire- 
thorns, 'bout fail, Monday come a sennight, to lot 
some Scots. 

Brid. Hees gain toth' peeot moor, bud thou 
may lite on't, i > ll mind to tell him at neet, when he 
comes haam. 

Giles. Girt like I sail meet him, as Fse gangin 
theear mysel. 

Brid. Come, mail, thouz i' ria girt hurry, squat 
thysel down a bit i'th' langsettle, byth' hud-end, an 
Til fotch the a whishin ; for I lang to knaw sadly 
what aw them lads and lasses wor cutterin an talkin 
about, at I gat a gliff on gangin up yower croft yus- 
ter neet. 

Giles. Didto nivver hear at there wor a Methody 
meetiu at Jack Smith's, There wor weight on 'em 



28 

to hear t* uncoth preacher, as fine a man as ivver I 
elapt my een on, at wor he, he bangs aw, quite ail 
clear, at I ivver heeard tell on. 

Brid. I tell the what> Giles, ye had leaver 
behauf bear th' vain talk o' man, ner t' holy word o' 
God. 

Giles. Nay, Bridget, I think thou's gangin a 
lile bit to far 

Brid. To far, doesto think ? Whaa, it's nob* 
bud to a-three neels sin, I proffer'd to Betty Collier, 
whea, thou bnaws, does not ken a word o'th' bible, 
an shoe nobbud vvod come an sit a bit wi* me, I wod 
read to her yan o ; th' Gospels; but shoe soon tell'd 
me how shoe couldn't come, for shoe wor gangin to 
hear Tom Simpson, t'blacksmith, exhort, An thou 
knaws, weel enif, at Tom's a saar reader, an what a 
mash he macks o'th' hymns, when he giz 'em out* 
For au hees conned 'em ower, happen, hanf a dozen 
times afore't meeting, he gangs on spelderin an blun- 
derin. I think mackin horse shoon wod be far fitter 
wark for him nert' .ex plain in t'word o' God, at he 
cannot read. Now, antul nobbud speok th' truth fra' 
thy heart, thou mun agreee wi' me, at Betty Collier; 
like mony on ye besides, hed leaver hear a poor silly 
blacksmith rant an mack as mich din ast' girt ham- 
mer on his stiddy, ner hearV word o* God. 

Giles. 1 knan't what Tom does wi' his girt ham- 
mer, but I's seur thou ligs hard on wi' thy clapper. 

Brid. Whaa, Fse quite staud, an it irks yan naa 
lile to hear sike coil an durdums, an seea mich frap 
about thur Methody's. They talk an cample feeafully 
o' religion, bud I wad be fain to see at they rayaly be- 
lieved it, byt' goodness o' ther lives ; for what care 
1 for a man's sighs an graans, an his dowly face, an 
for heving religion in his mouth, when he'll nut stick 
at yarkin his hand into a body's pocket. 

Giles. They think they're doing reight. 

Brid. Think ! eye, but what hev they to do wi' 
thinkin ; when they've a written word to gang by ? 
Uzzah mud think he wor doin reight when he reak'd 



29 



tmt his arm to'th' ark o' God, to hod it fray shakkiug. 
Bud his thowtes, howivver humble they mud be, 
didn't stop God's judgments, for thou knaws his arm 
withered away. Dathan an Abiram i't' sixteenth 
chapter o' Numbers is a warnin enif for iv'ry man to 
bide in his awn calling, an nut to tack on hissel V 
hoaly office of a preacher 'bout a regular appoint- 
ment. Korah an his company grummel'd feafully 
ageean Moses an Aaron, an thowte how they cud 
preach better thersells. Bud what wor th' end on 
em ? Them at maad boud to offer incense wor burned 
wi' fire fray God, an aw t'other were swallow 'd up 
i'th' pit. 

Gilse. That wor, for sure, Bridget, a raaast awful 
thing, I nivver thowte seea tnitch on't afore, an I dare 
say its scapped mony a Methody. For, if they nobbud 
'weighed it reight, they wadn't be seea feaful keen o 
preachin, ner wad there be seea mony Methody Par- 
sons i' iv'ry outside plat. Bud, they say, t' reason 
why they dunnot gang tot* kirk is, at kirk parsons 
dunnot preach t' gospel. 

Brid. I'se flaid they stick lile at what they say. 
What ! doesn't our parson read some chapters iv'ry 
Sunday out o't' Testament; isn't that t'gospel 7 an 
efter hees read as fine prayers as ivver wor worded, 
fit for awt' states an conditions of men, for't sick an 
needy, for him at's cast down i' trouble, as weel as 
him at gangs boldly on in his sins, doesn't he ollas 
give us a feaful good sarmon? 

Giles, Eye, for sure does he; whenivver I've 
beeard him. Our preachers oft say at kirk prayers 
wor feaful good, seeabetide they didn't come seea 
oft ower. 

Brid, Now I like 'em awt' better for that ; for I 
ken 'em aw seea weel, at my heart nivver fails to 
gang wi' 'em whent' parson prays. Nows an thens 
I've been at yower meetings, an hev heeard what ye 
call tempory prayer. But, thou minds, while I wor 
hearkenenin wi' aw my might, toth' preacher's prayer, 
1 could not join wi' him a bit; for while I vtfor tryjui 

D 



30 



to catch his words an liggin 'em together, to mack 
sense on 'em, they mainly scapped me, an did not 
warm an enleeten my heart hauf seea mitch as ower 
prayers dp. 

Giles. Methodies say, how yower prayers ei 
tiresome, 'cause they nivver change. 

Brid. Prethenow, what does t' preacher pray 
for ? Doesn't he pray to God for his holy spirit to 
supply his daily wants, to grant him food an raiment, 
for blessings i' this world as weel as next. Doesn't 
he pray fort' gift o'th' holy spirit to enleeten ower 
minds, an to sanctify us, an to keep us fray fawing? — 
Doesn't he, whenivver he offers up praises to God, 
thank him for his goodness an loving kindness to us 
for presarving us fray danger, for health o' body an 
peace o' mind. Bud far aboon aw thur mercies, does 
he nut oppen his hoal heart, an thank God for the 
redemption an atoning blood of Christ, fort' meons 
* grace an t'hoap o* glory. 

Giles, What better subjects o' daily prayer can a 
parson finnd out ner what thou hez just mentioned ? 

Brid. Now, an it pleases God daily to pour down 
on us, wake an sinful craytures, sike a variety of 
worldly an spiritual blessings, how can we possibly 
do better ner daily an hourly to thank God for 'em, 
wi' ower hoal heart. 

Giles. We sail be vara unthankful and vara wick- 
ed an we dun not. 

Brid. Whether, now, doesto think, at God 
minds maar our hearts or our words ? 

Giles, Our hearts, for sure. 

Brid. Hedto a poor neighbour at com daily ot 
thy door for an aumus, wodto expect at he sud ivvry 
day thank the i' different words for thy charity ? 

Giles. If t' words nobbud com fray a thankful 
heart j I sartainly sud n't mind mitch about fitness on 
'era. 

Brid. Whiah, then, can thdii suppose at God 
f/ill ivvery day expect fresh words an fresh prayers 
fort 5 daily renewal of the saain mercies ? Now does 



31 



not thou think, whilet' preacher, in his tempry prayer, 
is picking out new an fine words to pleease his hear- 
ers, at his thoutes er oft straying fray God ? 

Giles. Theere's a deal o' truth, sartainly, i' 
what to says ; but, for au that, Methodies say, at 
constant use o'th' saam words is tiresome. 

Brid. What, then ! wod they be wiser ner Christ 
hisseli ? Didn't he, in his bitterest agonies, fall 
down on his face, and prayed devoutly three times, 
macking use o'th' vara saam words ? 

Giles. That hez not scapped me. 

Brid. If Christ wor nut aboon mackin use o'th' 
vara saam words three times togither, thou's sure at 
he that cud caw, at will, legions of angels, wor at naa 
loss for words i' prayer, an he wanted 'em. I hoap, 
then, Giles, we sail nivver feel shammed, tbro't' love 
o' summat new, to follow his hoaly example. An 
Christ thowte it reight to pray i*th' saam words, three 
times F ya hour, it surely cannot be wrang for huz to 
use saam prayers two or three times a week. 

Giles. Thouz a famous bit o' stuff for backin th' 
kirk. 

Brid. I's nut hauf seea keen o' backin tV kirk, 
as ye ar o' hypin at an underminin it. I dunnot stand 
up forth' kirk, or form o' prayer, bud forth' commands 
o' Christ. Whea wor it, prethenow, at first gav us 
a form o' prayer ? Wor it nut Christ hissel ? Ye 
Methodies may think as ye like, bud while breeath 
bides i' this body, wi' God's help, I'll naayther for- 
saak Christ, his doctrine, ner his kirk ; an, oh, Giles [ 
how happy sud we aw be, whenivver deeoth comes, 
sud t'last words we speeok, wi' a truly, humble, con- 
trite heart, be takken out o' this hoaly prayer of our 
Lord. 

Giles. Thou ommost bangs me i' this argument. 
Bud, beside this, Methodies say, howt' some o't' 
kirk parsons are feaful ill livers. 

Brid. I's as waa to hear o'th' wicked lives of 
onny o't' preachers o'th' gospel as thou can be. — 
Bud thou munnot forsfit how there wor va illan amang 
J> 2 



32 



twelve. If a Judas wor fan in seea lile a number, 
there's naa wonder at yan sud finnd, to their sorrow, 
ya stray sheep amang seea mony thousands. 

Giles. What, then, doesto think there's naa 
harm in a kirk parson being an ill liver ? 

Brid. Harm ! yes, barn, it oft hurts my mind, 
bud that's naa reason at we sud neglect wer awn 
duty, 'cause t'parson forgits his. Balaam, thou 
knaws, wor a wicked man, bud he wor a true pro- 
phet. An ill farmer may sa good seed. 

Giles. Eye, bud if his grund be out o' heart, 
there'll be naa girt crop. 

Brid. Seea far, thy argument hods good. Bud, 
now, suppose this ill farmer saas his good seed on his 
neighbour's rich grund ? 

Giles. Waa, naa doubt, wi' God's blessin, it'll 
bring forth a plentiful crop. 

Brid. Now, thou sees, if we nobbud keep wer 
hearts weel fauf 'd, th' sound doctrines of a parson, 
for aw hees nobbud a lousithheft, may, thro' God's 
blessin, bring forth fruit to perfection. 

Giles. Thou seems i'th' mind to back wicked 
parsons. 

Brid. God forbid, at I sud back wickedness i' 
onny boddy ; for whativver kirk or class o' christians 
a wicked man belangs to, he cannot belang to Christ. 
I nobbud wish to shew the t'girt folly of neglectin 
wer awn duty, becaust' parson forgits his. 

Giles. Naabody likes to gang an hear a wicked 
parson. 

Brid. Whea art thou that judgest ? To his 
awn master he mun gee an account. He may saav, 
thro't' blessing o' God, t' souls of his hearers, for 
aw he may loaz his awn. 

Giles. It may be seea. 

Brid. Doesn'to think, at there's maar merit, an 
yan may use sike a word, i' conscientiously an regu- 
larly gangin tot' kirk, an keepin t' ordinances o' God^ 
when there's a wicked parson ner a good on P 

Gilas. I mun say I dunnot like it. 



33 



Brid. I dunnot say how I like it ; bud, I say, 
we shew maar zeal an love for God, when we con- 
stantly an devoutly gang toth' kirk, i' spite of all 
thur objections. An, I've naa doubt, far aw t'kirk 
parson may'nt be seea good as he sud be, bud t'blessin 
o' God will nivver fail to leet on a devout an humble 
congregation. When a man gangs tot' kirk, he mun- 
not gaug, as it wor, to a play, to be entertained, to 
please his een an to charm his ears, bud to shew his 
humility an obedience to God, i' hearing his word, an 
beggin his marcy. Thou knaws, if ten righteous men 
bed bin fun i' Sodorn, God wad ha* spared it ; seea, 
we may be seur, that a haal parish will nivver be 
damned fort* saak of ya wicked parson. 

Giles. They say howt' kirk foak knaw nout 
about convarsion ast' Methodies do. Joan Collier's 
wife, ya day tell'd me, how shoe wor convarted i'th' 
twinklin of an ee, just when shoe wor gangin to 
milk t'oud cow. An shoe brack out intul a muck 
sweeat, an felt, aw at yunce, seea comfortable, as 
nout cud be like it; an that now shoe defies t'Dule, 
as shoe's sartain o' being saav'd, an cannot faw fray 
grace. 

Brid. Does shoe lie, ban, an curse as shoe used 
to do ? 

Giles. Shoe hods mitch at yan as to that. 

Brid. Then, thou may lite on't, her convarsion 
will stand her i' naa steead, whativver shoe may 
think. We believe i' convarsion, as weel as Me- 
thodies, an at our wicked natures mun be changed 
byth' good Spirit o' God. Bud I knaw naa part o'th' 
scripture, at tells us at we mun expect to be con- 
varted i' a crack. At saam time, I dunnot deny, bud 
what a man may be suddenly convarted ; God may 
gee his Spirit to whom he pleaserh, an as he pleaseth. 
Bud this, I say, Giles, at he mun be a girt fondlin 
at trusts t',salvation of his immortal soul to his fancies 
an his feelings, like Betty Collier, when hees firmer 
grund to trust tull. For whether a man's convarsion 
be wrought aw at yunce, or bv bits an bits, there's 
d3 



34 



ollas ya sartain rule to judge of it' sincerity, that is, 
a good life. He wheea is thus convarted winnot gang 
on in his sins, that grace may abound. Bud he will 
be renew'di'th' spirit of his mind, he'll nut think he 
has already attained or is already perfect, bud will 
gang on fray ya Christian grace to another, an will 
walk naa langer eftert' flesh, bud eftert' Spirit. If 
to lives i ; this way, thou'll nayther be puffed up wi' 
spiritual pride, ner cast down i' despair ; Christ will 
then be thee comfort an joy. 

Giles. Bud then, they're ollas fendin an provin 
at kirk parsons don't talk ofFt'book as theirs does. 

Uriel. I warrant 'em they'd leaver behauf hear 
t* arrantest nonsense fray ther awn preacher, ner t' 
gospel fray owers. 

Giles. They say how t' Spirit geez 'em utter- 
ance to talk off t' book. 

Bricl. I marvel, they can be seea wicked as to 
say seea, as ant' Spirit o' God wad encourage 'em to 
talk sike nonsense as I've oft heeard 'em. An ower 
parson writes his sarmon, mayn't Spirit o' God help 
his prayers an hummle endeavours i' private, as tite 
as i' public. Is singing psaums an hymns a hoaly 
duty. 

Giles. Eye, for seur is't. 

Bricl. Bud thou tells me, Giles, how yower 
preachers talk off t'book byth' Spirit o' God. H 
iiymns, then, be a godly duty, why dunnot they i' 
that trust tot' Spirit ? For yan wod think he wod 
help 'em to sing as weel as to pray off t'book. Bnd 
I see yower preacher's nivver fail to yark out t'hymn 
book afoar they start to sing. An they pretend to 
follow t' Apostles i' preachin an pray in, what hinders 
them, i'th' hour o' trouble, danger, an joy, fray 
niacking psaums, like hoaly David, i'th' Spirit o' 
God ? 

Giles. They sey, they've gift o' tongues. 

Bricl, I wish, i' my heart, thou hedn't sike a 
hankerin efter them Methodysv Hedto ben at our 
kirk last Whisson-Sunday, our Parson wad ha' tell'd 



35 



thee, howt' gift o' tongues doesn't meean talkru 
brokken English, bud t' power of speokin like t' 
Apostles, outlandish tongues i' fureign parts, an at 
this gift worn't now to be look'd for, ast' gospel wor 
mainly spreeod ourt' ward. 

Giles. That's uncoth to me, I ollas thowte afoar, 
howt' gift o' tongue meant gift o' laikin glibly, an o' 
mackin a feafu! girt din. They say, they cannot bide 
to see a man preach fray writin. 

Brid. An they cannot bide to hear nout at's 
written, how can they bide to hear or read th' scrip- 
ture ? Poor silly cratures ! an it hedn't ben for writ- 
ing, how cud they ivver hev knaan them vary scrip- 
tures, i' which they leeten to tack sike a plezur, baatli 
to talk an to preach about. Wheea is ther, i' onny 
business, at doesn't finnd feaful girt use i' writin ? 
Thou knaws^'tis said t'children o' this world er wiser 
ner t'children o't' light; an dunnot tradefoak, for maist 
what, keep a count-book, to clap ev'ry thing down 
in, at they mayn't forgit ? 

Giles, Eye, forsure do they. 

Brid. Now, if sike care an thowte is tacken i' 
ther worly consarns, what mander o' reight hey they 
to finnd faut wi' kirk parsons? Whenivver a good 
thowte comes across 'em, they may clap it down i' 
writin. Bud, when a man gits intul a girt heeat o' 
talkin an bawin, efter his bloode hez begun to storken 
a bit, how oft wad he unsay what hees said. 

Giles. Ya day, as 1 wor talkin wi' Roberts, 
about ther meetins, he telld me, howt' scripture gav 
it out, at they war to exhort yan another daily, seea 
lie stopt my mout i' a crack. 

Brid. Eye, whenivver I've argified wi' em, 
they nivver forgat to talk i' that lids, an to poo out 
that text, at iv 'ry like. Now, it hez olias strueken me 
at them words hez quite an clear an othergaz meanin 
to what Methodies tack 'em. To exhort yan another 
daily, i' my way o' thinkin, meeans private advice. 
As thou may exhort me to a hoaly life, an whenivver 
I spy thee licly to do wrang, I may tack omme to 



36 



doot saam to thee. Bud, what iY ward hez this to do 
wi' public preachin, which naabody hez onny reight 
to do, bout they wor regularly chozzen. Anthat wort' 
caas, what mander of occasion wor ther for our Sa- 
viour to send out seventy disciples? This shews, vara 
plainly, naabody hez onny reight to tack that office 
o' thersels, ur what need wor there for St. Paul 
to advise Timothy to lay hands suddenly on no man ? 
Doesn't them vara words plainly shew, at naabody 
theear hed onny autority to preeach 'bout Timothy 
hed chozzen 'em. Our parson telld us, at ivver sint' 
Apostles' time, there hez been Bishops to pick an 
send out fit foak to preeach t'gospel. An that warn't 
seea, onny silly body mud lack on 'em to preeach 
unsound doctrine, an bring their hearers to destruction. 

Giles. Bud we have naa bishops amang us to 
pick preeachers out. 

Brid. How dare ye then act seea contrary toth' 
practice o'th' Apostles, an plain command o'th' 
scriptures. 

Giles. Thou's far deeper red i'th' scripture, ner 
I gaum'd the to be. 

Brid. I've oft heeard our parson talk thus fray't 
pulpit; an, God be thank' d, Pve a gay good memory, 
an I's gaily practis'd wee hevin feaful Strang bouts 
wi* ye Methodies. 

Giles. They sometimes finnd faat at our par- 
son's an ill preeacher. 

Brid. What, I guess, he doesn't bang an mack 
t* reek fly out o't' whishin, an flight an raut 
at 'em, seea mitch as theirs does. 'Lowin at our 
parson doesn't preeach seea weel as some, doesn'to 
knaw at nayther Moses ner St. Paul wor girt 
tpeeakers; they baath on 'em awn'd it. Bud for aw 
that, didn't God fix on 'em as instruments of his 
glory. Thou sees, then, Giles, at it lile becomes 
huz to mack leet on ower kirk parson, for aw his 
tongue be not au out seea glib as some, if we nobbud 
aw strive, thro' God's graas, to do ower awn duty, 
wi' christian humility, he may i'th' end, be a minis- 
fcer o' God to huz for good. 



37 



Giles. Whatto says, Bridget, for sure, sounds 
to vara good sense : bud for aw that, they lead a filthy 
peyl about gangin to ther meetins. 

Brid. I sincerely hoap an pray fort* convarsion 
an t'good of aw mankind ; an I tack girt delight in 
ivv'ry humble, steady, an sincere Christian, whativver 
kirk or sect he belangs to, but I nivver can set onny 
stoar o' ye turncoats, wheea can change an doit off 
your religion, as easily as ye doff off your coats. — 
There's Tom Simpson, thou's seeafond on, wor first 
ov our kirk, then he become a Methody, an now hees 
turned Ranter, an macks aut' moorside ring ageean 
wi' his din. Yan wad ommost think how he wor torn 
an riven by'th' Dule rayther ner guided by th' Holy 
Spirit o' God, the first fruits of which, we are tell' J, 
are gentleness an peace. He may be said, indeed, to 
prove all things, bud, then, he nivver hods fast that 
which is good. An he hed, he wod nivver hev left 
our kirk. Hees just like a weather-cock twirld 
about wi' ivv'ry wind o' vain an new fangled doctrine. 
T'maar I think o'th' good o' Methodies, t'maar I's 
sartain they're i'th' wrang. Thou's naa doubt read, 
howt' ministers o' God are caw'd shepherds. Our 
Saviour says, I know my sheep, and am known of 
mine. A parish priest, at lives wi' his flock, may 
truly mack use o' thur words. Bud, tell me, Giles, 
how can a Methody preeacher be caw'd a shepherd, 
at tramps an rowks about fray plaas to plaas un- 
knawin an unknawn. He can nayther ken his sheep, 
ner be kenn'd by 'em. A good shepherd, at's ivv'ry 
day wi' his flock, knaws their ailments an their wants. 
T'strang he may shield fray danger, an he may suc- 
cour t'wake. Bud, they knaw not t > voice of a 
stranger. 

Giles. Bud, for seur, Methodies hear nowt else. 

Brid. Fs flaid they're drawn tot' meetins by 
itchin ears, an they'd leaver behauf hear arrantesi 
nonsense fray a fresh preeacher, nert' soundest doc- 
trine fray an angel fray heaven, seeabetide he ollas 
hv'd at saam plat 



38 



Giles. Thou puts me feafully i't J mind of what 
ower pottiear said, when he com to see my daam. — - 
He said, it war ollas hest to feel yan's pulse, when 
yan wor i' heealth, for then he wod be a better judge 
when yan wor seek. 

Brid. Thou's hitten t'reight nail at t'head 
theear, Giles ; an a strange potticar cannot ken what's 
good fort* body, how can an outner ken what's best 
fort* soul. A parish priest, at lives wi' his flock, 
may soon knaw what's maist wanted. And he sud 
spy yan on 'em guilty of onny faat, he may gang an 
advise wi' 'em privately , he may harden them at he sees 
i' trouble, an he may snaap an dash them at gangs 
boldly on i' ther sins. Mareower ner that, it's nut 
to tell what good may come fray a parson's hoaly ex- 
ample. Thou knaws its an oud say in, an its naa war 
for that, at example's better ner precept. Eye, barn, 
his good life may bear a girt sway thro' awt' parish. 

Giles. I think, V my heart, thou talks vara 
cutely. 

Brid. God forbid, at I sud beear ill will ageean 
onny body. An we want christian charity, we dun- 
not belang to Christ. An I've ollas a girt likein for 
them at acts up tot' best o' their judgement, an we 
dunnot ollas side wi' yan another in opinion. But, 
at saam time, I cannot be blind'd to their way o' 
gangin on. They lile think, what a girt sin it is to 
breed fratches, to mack mischief, an set ya christian 
at outs wi' another. Didn't St. Paul, i' his time, 
finnd faat wi' his hearers, for mackin divisions amang 
christians ? Didn't he plainly tell 'em how they 
wor au earner, for runnin about, as ye Method ies do, 
wi' itchin ears efter monny preachers, some for Paul, 
some for Apollos, and some for Cephas. Didn't he 
lig it down, that if onny man, nay, if an angel fray 
heaven sud preoch onny other doctrine than what they 
hed already received, he wor to be accursed ! He 
then begged an prayed onnem, i'th' name of our 
Lord Jesus Christ, at they wod all speak the same 
thing, an that there mud be naa divisions amang 'em. 



39 



How can I then bud think at they mun be earns!, a* 
weel as vara consated, at tack on 'em V explain t 
scripture, when monny o' their loculs, bout spelderiii, 
can hardly read a chapter i'th' bible. Doesn't St. 
Peter say, at there er som things i' St. Paul's epistles 
hard to be understood, which they that are unlarned 
an unstable wrest, as they do also o't' other scrip- 
tures, unto ther awn destruction. I say, yan wod 
think at that vara text, an they thowte liJe o' their 
hearers, wod mack 'em whacker, at t' thowte of their 
awn destruction. 

Giles. I undercumstand the vara weel, bud that 
nivver come across my brain afoar. Bud there's 
another faat at Methody preeachers Unnd wi' kirk 
parsons; an whenivver I hear 'em, they're ollas hypin 
at 'em. They say they nivver preeach up Christ, ner 
talk consarnin t' Holy Spirit. 

Brid. Tack sham to thersels, for tellin sike lees. 
Ower parson oft talks o'th' girt need we aw hev to 
trust for salvation an pardon through*' merits an 
atonement o' Christ, an that it is nobbud thro' grace 
that best on us are saaved ; bud; at saam time, he 
nivver forgits to tell us, an we mean to be benefitted 
by Christ's death, we mun be vara careful to copv his 
his life. Consarnin t' Hoaly Spirit, we dunnot ex- 
pect at it'll now give us power to work miracles, ner 
to talk i' unknawn tongues. Bud, as scripture tells 
us, how ivv'ry good an parfit gift comes fray aboon, 
we believe it puts good thoutes into our heeods, an 
macks us hoaly, an fit for heaven. 

Giles. They say how yower parson hez naa 
faith i'th' new birth, ner ith doctrine of asseurance. 

Brid. They cow togither a to-a-three cant 
words, an ken iile o'th' meanin on 'em. What is 
th' new birth bud a regeneration by th' Hoaly Spirit of 
God, and a deeoth unto sin> an t' onely proof on't is a 
true repentance an conversion, an a hoaly life. Bud 
what a seet o* folk is there at talk feafully how they' ye 
gitten this new birth, when, at saam time, they're 
full of aw mander o' roguery. He that is born 
ageean, says St. John, does not commit sin 



40 



Giles. For seur, Bridget, that's a vara imam 
text. An that beth' proof, Ps flaid to monny on ^em 
are not born ageean. What thinksto, then, o't' doc- 
trine of absolute asseurance ? 

Brid. What do I think on't ? I think its a dan- 
gerful doctrine. 

Giles. I'll uphodto, howivver, at it's th' doc- 
trine o' script are. Didn't St. Paul say, how he bed 
foute a good feight, an there wor laid up for him a 
crown o' righteousness, which the Lord wod gie him 
at that day. Thou sees plainly, by thur words, 
Bridget, howt' Apostle wor seur on't. 

Brid I wod advise the nivver to trust to ya 
text, bud match scripture wi' scripture. Here, as 
thou says, St. Paul wor sartain o' salvation. Bud, 
if thou' 11 nobbud tack trouble to turn tot' Epistle tot' 
Philippians, thou'll finnd, i'th' 1st chapter, 20th 
verse, how he nobbud hoap'd for't. Mareower ner 
that, St. Paul, wheea was blessed wi' maar gifts ner 
common Christians, mud see farther into things to 
come ner onny of huz hev a reight to expect, an for „ 
au his feaful girt gifts, he didn't, thou sees, ollas 
hod this dangerful doctrine of absolute asseurance. — 
St. Peter yance war seur, in his awn mind, that he 
nivver wod deny his Lord ; yet, thou sees, when 
danger com, how au his boldness mislippined him. — 
While there's life, there's danger ; let him, then, that 
thinketh he standeth, tack heed lest he faw. 

Giles. It is, for sartain, an awful lesson to us 
aw, nut to be heigh minded. 

Brid. I think, etraath, it is. If, Giles, thro' 
a sound faith, bringing forth good works, we hev a 
weel grounded hoap o' salvation, thro' t'mercy of our 
Redeemer, that hoap is enif to keep us seure an 
stedfast i'th' joys as weel as t' troubles o' this world. 
It'll strengthen an support us i' life, an comfort us 
iih' vara agonies o' deoth. 

Giles. I heartily wish I bed nobbed sike a hoap. 

Brid. Let 'em say what they will, I think that 
absolute asseurance is a vara dangerful doctrine. — 



41 



For he that hez yance gitten hod on't, grows con- 
sated in his opinion, thinks aw bud his awn swatch 
are gangin tot' Dule, an gits it intui his noddle, how 
he cannot do wrang. Scripture says, ' blessed is 
the man that feareth alway.' Bud, Giles, tell me 
what mander of occasion is there for that man to 
fear, whea is sariain o' bein sav'd ? Doesn't bible 
gee it out, how ower heart's vara desateful ? It 
heighiy becomes us then nut to be heigh minded, bud 
to fear. I knaw weel enif, at truely repentant sin- 
ners, thro' th' atonement of Christ, hev weel ground- 
ed hoaps o' bein sav'd. Bud then we munnot slacken 
an think we hev attained, least Dule draw us back 
ageean into sin, for he oneiy at endureth unto the 
end shall be saav'd. Bud vain mun that Methody be, 
at says, hees sure o' bein saav'd, when he knaws 
nut what a day may bring forth, whether he be fun 
i'th wark o' God or't' Dule. Insteead then o' claimin 
it as a reight, it wad be maar becomin him to cry out 
wi' V Publican, God be merciful to me a sinner. I 
nivver expect to git hod o' this absolute asseurance, 
bud I humbly hoap to he fun i'th' hoaly fear o' God, 
i* which hoaly fear, when t' last day comes, may 
God grant at all on us, Methodies as weel as kirk 
gangin foak, may be fun doin our duty, an ready to 
enter into the joy of our Lord. 

Giles. Amen, says I, I think, i' my heart, I feel 
enleetened by thy discowerse, thou lickens as an to 
talked charitably an fray scripture, Thou's plied thy 
lesson an argified seea weel, at I've maad up my 
mind to gang naa mair to thur meetins. 

Brid. - I's fain it please the ; an as now thy een 
are oppen to see th' girt danger o' this doctrine, 
an how lile, for maist what, it is to be trusted tull.— 
There's Williams '11 tell the how hees sartain o' bein 
saav'd, while at vara saam time he'll nayther stick 
at what he says nor what he does. Bud, poor Bob 
Smith, whea is ollas chafein an freattin, at he nivver 
does enif for God or man, for aw he wad pray fray 
morn to neet, an starve hissel to feed his hungry 

E 



42 



neighbour, gees up aw for lost, and dispairs o'i* 
marcy o' God. This shews, Giles, how unfit we oft 
are to be judges i J wer awn caas. 

Giles. Thou says vara true. 

Brid. Ana man's happiness or misery depend- 
ed awtogither on his awn opinion, what mander of 
occasion is there for a day of judgement, at which we 1 
mun aw be caw'd to account. 

Giles. There wadn't for seur. 

Brid. Of aw them rascads &t are tried at York 
sizes, not yan on 'em, (accordin to my way, o' thinkin) 
wad ivver be hang'd wor he 'low'd to be his awnr 
judge. 

Giles. Vara true* 

Brid. Fve nowt agean examinin an tryin yanser 
ageean that day. Bud I think it's vara dangerful to 
gee oursells to mitch encouragement. It's ollas a 
wise plan to be at saaf side. 

Giles. I's o't' saam way o' thinkin ; bud ther* 
they will talk. 

Brid. Talk ! Eye, they're sadly to fond o' 
talkiii, an when this hankerin efter preeachin yunce 
gits into their noddle, they think o' nowte else.— • 
They poo lang, dowly faaces, gin 'twor a sin to be 
cheerful. Now, accordin to my way o' thinkin^ 
naabody hez a better reight to be cheerful ner a de- 
vout an hummle Christian* There's another faat, I 
finnd wi' thur Methodies. They're seea keen o' 
collin an raukin about, an seea full o' heearin yan 
another talk; at they oft leave their worly consarns 
at sixes an sevens. Iv'ry thing gangs to rack an 
ruin. To be sure> I knaw as weel as they can tell 
me, at yan may be to fond o' this ward, bud, then y 
as lang as it pleeases God we mun bide here, we mun 
work wi' or awn hands for sike food, as is conve- 
nient for us ; an sud we be to idle to work, we mun-' 
not eat. Now, an a poor man hez a girt family o' 
barns to tack care on, 1 say, he cannot afooar'd to 
loaz seea mitch of his time i' trailin fray meetin to 
meetin. Mareower ner that, if seea mitch time be 



43 



lost by this way o' gangin on, when iv'ry thing's at 
seea heigh an end, a poor daital, wheea's i' naa girt 
addle, cannot scraap togither enif for his cravin an 
hungry barns. As they cannot bide to pine, they're 
broughte up frayt' credle i' pykin an steealin, insteead 
o* bein trained up i*th' good way they owght to 
gang in. 

Giles. Thou's nut far wrang theear, Bridget. 

Br id. Let a man be ivver seea rich, I can set 
naa stoar o' them neetly meetins ; for when young 
foak git togither at neet time, i' thur outside plats, 
i' my mind, there's naa girt good to be expected.— 
I've lang thowte how Methodies barns er nut broughte 
up seea weel as they sud be. Thou sees, plainly, 
how ill Roberts' barns turn out, wi' mackin sike 
foutes on 'em. They eyther left 'em lakein at haam, 
er let 'em gang wi' 'em to their neetly meetins. All 
our barns, God be thanked at er come to onny age, 
er dain vara weel. Nut, at I like to crack of our 
way o' bringin 'em up, nobbud, to shew thee how 
far different Joan an me hev brout up wer awn.— 
When they war vara young, they wor tought to read, 
an to sayt* catechism i'th' kirk, for aw we live a dree 
way off, we wor nayther freetened wi' a shower o' 
rain er pelse ; ner did we let onny worly consarns 
hinder us fray gangin toth' kirk. We didn't tell our 
barns to gang theear, bud we maad a rule to gang 
wi' 'em worsells. Iv'ry morn an iv'ry neet at com, 
for aw Joan's naa girt scholar, he read a chapter or 
two i'th' bible, an explained it as he went on. If 
ivver he met wi' a hard plat, he ollas went that week 
tot' parson, wheea maad naa baans on't, bud war 
ollas willin to unriddle it. When he'd doon i'th* 
bible, he read prayers. Now tell me, Giles, anto 
doesn't think at this wor a far better way ner gangin 
trailin to ther neetly meetins. 

Giles. Far better, i' my way o'thinkin, T' 
maar thou talks, t' maar I mack np my mind to keep 
frayt' meetins. 

P 2 



44 



Brid. For au we didn't gang to yower meeting, 
thou minds, we didn't mack idle excuses for nut 
gangin tot' kirk, like some of our neighbours. We 
didn't lig langer i' bed o' Sunday mornin, we did nut 
mack a custom, on that day, to chop an change ower 
Jcyefray ya field to another, as on wark days, bud 
ollas maad a forecast to git up an hour titter to milk 
an fother t' beeos, at we mud au be riddy to be at 
kirk afore t' sarvice began. For our Joan thoute 
there wor naa better part ov ower prayers iiert* con- 
fession. Mareower ner that, it ollas irk'd him to 
mack a girt din i > tb kirk an disturb other folk. He 
says, how some of our farmers are first at fair bud 
last at kirk. That's a Strang sign at they think less 
o' God ner Mammon. Giles, didto see farmer Jenkin* 
just afore he deed ? 

Giles. Noa, I didn't. 

Brid. I went to see him, an for seur, he wor in 
a sad tackin. It wod a softened a heart o' staan to 
hev bin there, he despaired seea mitch o't' marcy o' 
God. Our parson prayed wi him, for repentance an 
convarsion, he talked to him seea kindly, an tried 
iv'ry way to leeten him up ; he picked out awt com- 
fortable words o'th' scripture at fit his caas ; hetelled 
him how Christ came intot' world to save sinners ; 
how he wod nay tber breck t' bruised reed, ner quench 
the smoking flax, and how God wor willin that noan 
sud perish, bud that au should come to repentance, 
he telled him of $t Paul's sudden convarsion an re- 
pentance. Bud noute, i' spite of au we cud say, 
wod keep him fray despairin o'th marcy o' God. Oh, 
Giles, hedto but heeard him, how he mourned for his 
sins, it wod hev melted thy vara heart. He awned, 
an we au kenned weel, how he hed ollas been a sober, 
honest, an industrious man. " Bud," says he, 
" God knaws, I've thowteto mitch o' this ward, au 
" my tresor hez been here. An my barns an sar- 
" vants did my wark weel, I lile cared or thoute o'th' 
" girt wark they hed to do for God or for the salva- 
" tion o' thur souls. An thev laboured hard for me 



45 



c * six days, I lile cared how they spent th' seventh. 
x< I nayther prayed wi* 'em, ner gav 'em good conn- 
** sel ; J nivver red to them a word frayth' scripture or 
*' onny good book; I nivver went wi' 'em mysel toth' 
" kirk, (as iv'ry good maister ollas will do,) bud let 
" 'em spend t' hoaly sabbath o' their God i' idleness, 
Xi or, I fear, warse ner idleness. For, how oft hev 
u we heard, what a girt monny poor miserable cray- 
" tures are broughte toth' gallows, an there mack 
« their doleful confessions, an say, how sabbath break- 
" ing an t' neglect o'th' public worship o' God, wor 
M t' first sad cause of au their troubles, this soon 
11 broughte 'em to forgit God an their Redeemer. — 
" Bein nivver toughte the good way they ought to 
Cf gang in, an hevin naa sound principles o' religion, 
" they wor soon led astray by ivvry wicked man at 
" com i' thur way, an wor hurried on by th' evil spirit 
1 f fray ya sin te another." 

Giles. What, did Jenkins tell you aw this on 
his deeoth bed ? 

Br id. Eye, an he then went on wi' sike a de- 
spairin look, an spack i' sike a deep hollow voice, as 
I nivver can forgit. " Now," says he, " I hev to 
" answer, nut for my awn sins only, but fort* sins o' 
" my poor barns an sarvants, wheea, lang o' my 
" shameful example, hev neglected their duty, their 
" souls, an their God. God, says he, has geen me 
" monny worldly blessins ; he hez geen me health, 
" lang life, an hez prospered aw my plans. But 
i{ how little hev I minded to shew my thankfulness, 
il by walkin daily i' his commandments. I say, God 
" will nivver forgive sike a hardened sinner as I have 
" been." Then Betty Calvert, whea, thou knaws, is 
ollas glib at* tongue, tried to comfort him, an telled 
him o'th' laborers i'th' vineyard, how they gat their 
full wages, for au they nobbud began their wark at 
the eleventh hour. " Eye, Betty," says he, " bud 
" their caas does not apply to me. They worked as 
" soon as they were caud or hired. But I have been 
** hired fray my yowth, an I sud now be gangin to 
i> 3 



46 



% receive Swages of eternal life, hed I nobbud faith- 
V fully daon my duty \' God's vineyard : bud I can- 
ef not expect th' wages 'bout doing th' wark." Betty 
then tried to gee him hoaps, by tellin him o'th' thief 
on the cross, whea, just afore he wor crucified, nob- 
bud sard unto his Saviour, " Lord, remember me when 
thou comest unto thy kingdom/' And Christ di- 
rectly said unto him, " to-day shalt thou be with me 
in Paradise." Thou sees plainly, Robert, anto nob- 
bud could believe an pray ast' thief did, thou mud be 
saaved. " Betty, says he, " I thank the kindly for 
iS thy advice ; but, waistheart, it gives naa hoaps 
" to me. That poor thief, at wor crucified by the 
" side of his Lord, hed, girt like, nivver afore heeard 
" ayther of our Saviour or his doctrine, but as soon 
" as he heeard on't ; he believed an wor convarted 
" an saaved. Bud, how different is my sad caas. 
ic I hev nut only heeard, bud I hev been tout i* 
t( Christ's blessed doctrine fray my youth up until 
" now ; but, waa is me, I hev not practised it as I 
£f owght to hev doon." Betty then prayed him to 
consider, " that there wor joy in heaven over every 
sinner that repenteth," and thro' t* precious blood o' 
Christ, he mud yet be yan on 'em. " Anto nobbud 
could believe," shoe said, " there wod still be girt 
hoaps, for all things are possible to him that believeth." 
" Then," said Jenkins to her, "its all vara true, an 
•' 1 nobbud could repent an be converted, could put 
t( offt' old man an put on the new, I mud yet, thro* 
Ji Christ, be saaved. For t' scripture plainly says, 
!i repent an be converted, and your sins shall be 
V blotted out. Bud what can I expect fray a repen- 
iC tance sike as mine ? Afoar it pleased God, a few 
i( days back, to bring me to this sick bed, I've been 
4i as wordly, an hev thoughte as lile o' God or my 
H Saviou as I ivver did i' au my life. How can I, 
M then, caw a few days' sorrow for my sins, a true 
" repentance ? Repentance is not a sorrow, bud a 
" turnin away fray sin. Bud what proofs hev I geen 
" that any repentance hez been sincere. Fort' scrip* 



47 



" tures tell me, that I mimnot only repent, bud bring 
" forth fruits meet for repentance ; bud this, God 
" knaws, I hev not doon. T' foolish virgins repented 
" when it wor too late, an when they went an humbly 
u prayed that t' door mud be still be oppened to 
M them, they received the vara saavn answer as I sail 
" do, depart from me ye workers of iniquity, I know 
<c ye not. As to believin au th' doctrines o'th' blessed 
" gospel, 1 hev believed in my mind but nut V my 
94 heart, for I hev not believed unto righteousness.— 
" In this way th' Devils, as I do, believe an tremble. 
w How can I, then, fort' bare conf ssion an a few 
" days* sorrow for sin, on my deeoth bed expect an 
<s hoap for that mercy fray God, which I hev neglect- 
:< ed and abused au my life long. Does not God de- 
" clare, because I have called and ye refused, I will 
" laugh at your calamity and mock when your fear 
" cometh. Then shall they call upon me, but I will 
M not answer." He then sighed vara deeply. Efter 
hee'd been silent a gay bit an hed takken his breeoth, 
he wished au his barns to be caud to his bed side. — 
He then clasped their hands, yan by yan, i' his, an 
looked at 'em seea pitifully, at it ommast brack my 
heart. Two or three times he tried to speeok to 'em, 
bud baath his heart an his tongue failed him. At last, 
he thus began, in a very faint and low r tone; " My 
" poor barns, I hev caud you to my bed side, that 
" ye may larn, by my sad example, what liie com- 
u fort there is in a deeoth-bed repentance Worldly 
" cares hev filled up my haal heart. Pve labored 
u hard for the meat that perisheth, but lile hev I 
" thoughte o' that meat, which endureth unto ever- 
" lasting life. Oh, then, my dear barns, tak warnin 
<4 by me, lest ye also come into this place of torment. 
" And let me, wi > my deein breeoth, exhort you to 
" remember your Creator in the days of your youth, 
f and not only believe the articles of the Christian 
" faith, but pray to God for his grace, that ye may 
" be able to practise it. Shun, as much as iieth in 
" you all evil company. Be holy, honest, pure and 



48 



" industrious, an speeok the truth fray your heart. — 
" On naa account whativer, forgit mornin an evenin 
" prayer, as I hev doon. Think oft o' God an your 
" Redeemer, whether ye be i'th' house or field ; en- 
" courage good thoughts, an remember that God may 
" withdraw his grace as men abuse it. Mind 
" ye nivver neglect to keep the Lord's day 
" holy. Let naa worly thoughtes or worly gain 
" hinder ye fray gangin toth' kirk, yunce or twice 
" iv'ry Sunday. And when ye git haam, dunnot 
c< breck th' sabbath ageean by fillin your minds wi' 
" your farms an merchandize, bud talk an think of 
u what ye have heeard at kirk. Let me advise you 
u nut to gang about fray to plaas to plaas, as I hev 
" doon, on this hoaly day, but spend th' remainder 
" of the day wi' God, ayther i' readin th' scriptures 
" or some good book, an instructin your families at 
u haam. lvvery day, seea spent, will I trust, be to ye 
li a day o' salvation. Oh ! how I wish, but it's now too 
" late, I hed thus spent the sabbaths o' my God, I 
" sudn't be rack'd, as I now is, with the agonies of a 
" guilty conscience. My dear lads forgive the bad ad- 
u vice an bad example of your wicked and miserable 
« parent. Oh that I mud humbly offer my prayers 
" to God, thro' Christ, that he would pour down upon 
" you his holy spirit to protect an to bless you here, 
" an grant you that mercy hereafter which will nivver 
" come to me. But I dare not, lest I bring " a curse 
" upon you and not a blessing," for " the prayers of 
si the wicked are an abomination." He then began 
to writhe about i* girt agonies, and said, in a pierc- 
ing bitter cry, " Oh, this worm, this worm that dieth 
" not, an the fire that never shall be quenched." He 
then stretched out his feet, grunded his teeth, dubbled 
his kneeaves, his een ommost starting out of his 
heeod, an graaned his last. 

Giles. It wor, etraath t' maist awful end I ivver 
heeard tell on. Worn't his barns an family feafully 
troubled at his sudden deeoth ? 



49 



Brid. Naa words can tell how mitch we au felt. 
His poor barns were seea heart brokken, an whelmed 
i' sorrow, at they could nayther speeok nor cry ; but 
aw his neighbours, that steud at his bed side, were 
melted i J tears. I nivver witnessed sike an awful 
end afore, ner ivver wish to see sitch another. May 
ivv'ry parent an maister learn fray this truly heart- 
rendsn example, to teach baath their barns an their 
sarvants to walk betimes i'th* hoaly fear o' God, at 
they may baath saav their awn souls, an be th' in- 
struments, thro' providence, o' saavin the souls of 
aw others trusted to their care. 

Giles. An farmer Jenkins gav up aw hopes 
o^th* marcy o } God for hevin his thoughtes mainly 
fixed on this world, an fort' brecking tb* sabbath, 
what, thinksto, ol become oV girt foak, wheea mack 
a common practise, for maist what, o' traveilin ouer't 
country ivv'ry sabbath day ? 

Brid. It's not for me, a sinful crayture, to tack 
on me to say, what will become on 'em; bud I mun 
say, it is a maist wicked deed, an it'l be t'ruin baath 
o' thursells, as weel as o' their poor sarvanis, wheea, 
by their evil example, are broug t up i'th/ shamful 
neglect o' theii God on that hoaly day. They ought 
to remember, at they are like beacons set on a hill, 
an that ihev *ud let their light shine before men. An 
quality do wran^, how lickly is't that au plain 
country folk sud gang i'th* saam gait. 

Giles. Last Sunday morning, as I wor gangin 
haam frayt' meetin, there com by me, at a feafui girt 
bat, a par o* shay an four ; t'shay lads crackin their 
whips, like a set a pig drivers, an V poor horses au 
dusty, wi' their mouths wide oppen, were pan tin for 
breeoth, an reekn like a lime kiln. While t'poor 
craytures were Irggen theirsels out to th' vara utmost, 
yan o'th* quality popped his heeod out oY windows 
an bawed out, drive on, drive on. At that t'shay 
lads yarked their lang neckad spurs intot* horses' 
sides, at wor afore quite rid raw, an my heart parfltly 
wark'd for 'em ; thinks I, to mysel, ant' mercy q' 



GO 



God is ower au his works, these poor dumb craytures 
hev a vara lile shar on't here, Seea I couldn't hod 
fray wishin, at they mud finnd that justice an marcy 
in another world, whar cruel, hard hearted man will 
naa Janger hev power to torment 'em. 

Brid. Ise as waa to see 'em hoined as thou can 
be, for aut' scripture doesn't tell us what will become 
on 'em efter their weary life is ower; it says^ how^ 
sornivver, plain enif, that a good man is marciful to 
his beeosl, an how that au craytures sud rist on the 
sabboth day as weel as their maisters. How, then, 
Giles, can thur girt quality, whea, iv'ry day, hev, 
or mud hev, a day o' list ; I say, how can they mack 
it easy to their awn consciences to shew naa marcy 
to their beosts, to neglect public an private prayer, 
an breck th' hoaly sabbath o' their God. 

Giles. Thou may lite on't, they mun gee a strict 
account to God, for their hard hearts, at last day. 

Brid. While foak are seea keen o' liggin out 
their brass to conyart fureign parts, I wish, wi' au 
my heart, at they wod try to convart foak at haaru 
first, an send missionaries amangth' gentlefoak i' 
England, to Jam 'em to keep th' sabbath day hoaly ; 
an not breck it, as they do, by rawking about fray 
plaas to plaas, an keepin t' haal country in an up- 
roar. They nayther gang toth' kirk thersells, nor 
'low their families ner sarvants time to tack cjire o' 
their souls, but corrupt iv'ry body as they gang by 
their evil example. 

Giles. I think it wod beth' best fort' country, an 
government wod mack a law to put a stop to sike 
shamful wark. 

Brid. It wad, naa doubt, be a vara good thing, 
bud, I fear, there's lile chaunce o' that, ast' quality, 
wheea, I guess, hev a girt hand i' jnackin thur laws, 
will na^n be vara keen o' mackin a rod for theirsels. 

Giles. It's sartainly heigh time summot sud be 
dorm. It's nut lang syne I went tot' meetin at Skip- 
ton, an as I passed by th' alehouse door, 1 spies a 
parcel of idle, loungin shay lads, clusterin togither, 



51 



Seea, thought I, i' goddill, Til esh 'em, i > a civil way, 
what they wor au about, an they tell'd me, they wor 
waitin for jobs. What, says I, jobs on a Sunday! 
pray, now, says I, consider, how ye hev au a girt 
an a better job to do for your maister i' heaven. At 
that they began to set up a gird o' laughing, an as I 
wor aflaid of a clout o' my heeod, I thought it safest 
way to steeal quietly off. 

Brid. It's just now croppen into my heeod, at I 
can lig down a plan to put a stdp to this shamful 
wicked way o' gangin on, 'bout an act o' parliament. 

Giles. What wodto do ? 

Brid. Do ! whia, 1 wod, i* a crack, send kirk 
missionaries to convart aut' landlords, an to lig it 
down an convince 'em, an they didn't keep hoaly t' 
sabbath day, they mudn't expect t* blessin o' God on 
t'other six; an, mareower, to let 'era knaw, at their 
sarvants an their poor horses hed a reight, fray God 
hissel, to rist that good day fray all their labours. 

Giles. For seur, an aut' landlords could be coun- 
selled to lock up their horses on that day, t' quality 
wod be fast, an wod be forced to stay at haam ; an 
then, insteeod o' leadin folks into sin by their ill 
ways, they wod soon feel comfort theirsells, an wod 
be a blessin to their families, to their sarvants, their 
tenants, an aut' country rourid 'em. 

Brid. I girtly hoap, at sike a plan may soon be 
broughte about ; an then, them oud good times wod 
come, at my grauny used to talk about an glory in« 
In her time, shoe said, there nivver wor sike a thing 
seen as a paar o' shay, or a traveller ont' road on a 
Sunday. Aut' quality were seur to be seen at kirk 
that blessed day. Shoe said, it did her heart good to 
see heigh an low, rich an poor meet tOgither, an join in 
humble an devout prayer to God. If, said shoe, rich 
an poor hoap to meet ageean, to praise God in a better 
world, how desirable it wor at we sud oft meet togi- 
ther i' this blessed an delightful employment on earth. 

Giles. 1 cannot but say, but I like thy talk vara 
hiitch, but I mun be off tot' moor, or> t* lads '11 
think they've lost me; 



52 



Brid. Nay, Giles, stop a bit langer, I've nob- 
bud ya question to put tul the afore we part, about 
them Methodies at we wor talkin about; as I've a 
feafui girt desire at thou wod come ageean to our kirk, 
asto used to do. 

Giles. Whatis't? 

Brid. Wilto tell me, whether thou's ivver doon 
taa hauf o' what our parson hez tell'd the fray t pulpit 
to do? 

Giles. Nay, barn, Ps vara seur I nivver hev. 

Brid. Wha then, what mander of occasion wor 
ther for thee to gang an hear a fresh preeacher, afoar 
thou's doon taa hauf o* what t'ouden hed telPd the 
to do ; an thou may tack my word fort', at if a regu- 
lar hearing an belief o'th' doctrines o'th' kirk of Eng- 
land, an a life answerable tul't cannot saav the, thou'll 
nut be saav'd i' onny class ner i' onny meetin. — 
Wilto then, Giles, mack me a promise atthou'll nivver 
gang an hear another Methody preacher, tiltoz doon 
iv'ry thing at our parson tells the ? 

Giles. Wi' aw my heart. 

Brid. As we hev au mitch to be forgeen, I dun- 
not seea mitch condemn thur Methodies for actin seea, 
as I heartily pity 'em, at they dunnot knaw better. 
Fvea good opinion of mony on 'em ; an I'be a girt 
hoap, at time mayn't be iang afoar they'll see ther 
foolery, an come back to that good kirk, at the hev 
lang forsakken, an ageean become yan foud under 
yan shepherd. 

Giles. Amen, says I, an good mornin to the. 

Brid. Wha, then, if to will gang, God speed 
the weel. 



F I N I St 



GLOSSARY 

OF THE 

DIALECT OF CRAVEN, 

IN THE 

WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE. 



GLOSSARY 



CRAVEN DIALECT. 



AN EXPLANATION OF THE CONTRACTIONS, 



A. S.— Anglo-Saxon language. 

Belg.— Belgic. 

Chau.— Chaucer. 

Dan.— Danish. 

Fr.— French. 

O. Fr — Old French. 

Gael.— Gaelic of the Highlands 

of Scotland. 
Gerai.— German. 
Goth. — Gothic. 
Gr. — Greek. 
Heb. — Hebrew. 
Hisp. Span.— Spanish. 



Ir.— Irish. 

Isl.— Islandic. 

It.— Italian. 

Lat. — Latin. 

M-eso G — Magso Gothic, from 

Ulphilus' Version of the 

Gospels. 
Sc. — Scottish. 
Su. G. — Suio Gothic, or ancient 

language of Sweden. 
Sw.— Modern Swedish language. 
Teut. — Teutonic, 
Wel. Brit.— .Welsh, 



Aac, Oak, A. S. ac, cec, pronounced also yak. Belg. aeker. 
Aan, Awn., Own. 
Aboon* Above. 
Adani's Ale, Water. 

Addle, To earn, A. S. edlean, a reward or recompense for labor; 

2. " to addle his shoon," is, when a horse falls upon his 

back, and rolls from one side to the other. 
AcTcer, A ripple on the surface of the water, a curl. 
Acker, Fine mould, probably, at first inclosed by the acre. A. S. 

acer. Isl. akur. 
Afearde* Afraid. Cooperi Thes. 
Afore, Before. 

Aforehand, Previously. " I'll let to knaw aforehand." 
Agait, To get agait, to begin. 
Ageean, Against. 
Agin$ As if. 



Ajar, A. door half open. 

Akardy Awkward. 

Agog, Alert, eager. Fr. gogues, delight. 

Aigre, Sour. Fr. aigre, hence ale-aigre, alegar. 

Aimed, Intended, conjectured. 

Alaan, Alone. 

Alantum, At a distance. It. da lontano. 

All-i-bits, In pieces, or in rags. 

All-out, Entirely, quite. 

Alley, The conclusion of a game at foot- ball, when the ball has 
passed the bounds. Fr. alter. 

Among, Amongst. 

Ananters, \ Jf b 

Anauntrins, J 

An, if, " An he were." 

Shaksfeare, Much Ado About Nothing, A* 1, Sc. 5* 

Anent, Opposite, like the Greek enantios, 

Anters, \ Lest. Belg. cinders. Fr. aventure, abbreviated 

Aunters, y auntre. 

Antients, Ancestors. 

AnHothed, If thou 1 hadst. 

Antul, If thou wilt. 

Ar, eschar, Scar, pockard. Isl. aer. 

Argufied, Argued. 

Arky Chest. Lat. area. 

Arran, A spider. Lat. aranea. 

Art, Quarter, " t'wind's in an ill art." Gael, and Ir. aird, a 
. cardinal point. Dr. Jamieson. 

Arto\ Art thou. 

Arvelj Funeral. Welsh, arwyU funeral obsequies. A. S. 
arfull. . 

Ashlar-wall, The stones of which are built in regular course and 
size. Fr. eel telle, a scale. Sc. estlar. 

Aslcer, A newt* ^ • 

Askins, Publication by banns, see Spurrings, 

Ast, Asked. 1 . 

Astite, As soon, A. S. tid, time, still in use, as Shrove-tide. 
Isl. titt, ready. 

Assle-tree, Axle. Lat. axis. Fr. asseul. 

Ass, Ashes. S. 

Ass-hole. Sw. askegrof. 

Ass-midden, Heap of ashes. 

Ass-riddlin, On the Eve of St. Mark the ashes are riddled or 
sifted on the hearth, Should any of the family die within 
the year, the shoe will be impressed on the ashes. Many 
a mischievous wight has made some of the superstitious 
family miserable, by slyly coming down stairs, after the 
rest of the family have retired to rest, and marking the 
ashes with the shoe of one of the party. 

Asquin, \ 

As-win, > Obliquely. Welsh, asswyn. 
Askew, ) 



55 



At, That. 

Attercops, Spider-webs. A. S.ceter venerium et copp, a covering. 

Aud-farrand, A respectable old person, from and old, and far- 
rand respectable. Belg. aervaren having experience. 

Aum, Elm. 

Aumered, vide Oumer. 

Aumry, Cupboard. Lat. armarium* Fr. armoire> 

Aumus, Alms. A- S. aelmes. 

Aund or Orned, Ordained. 

Aup, A wayward child. 

Aut\ All the. 

Autority, Authority. 

Average, Winter eatage. Fa. hiver, winter, and Eng. eatage* 

Avril, April. Sc. averile. 

Aw, All. 

Awn, Own. 

2. Visit. "He nivver awns us," i.e. he never visits or 
calls upon us. 

Awns, Beards of corn. S-u. G. agu. 

Awr, Our. 

Ax, To ask. A. S.. axian. 

Axxle-tooth, Assle-tooth, A grinder. Isl. jaxle, dens molaris, 
situated near the axis of the jaw. There is another word 
of the same signification, and probably more antient than 
this, mentioned by Verstegan, though I do not recollect 
to have heard it in Craven. " The syd teeth, he remarks, 
are called wang teeth. Before the use of seals was in Eng- 
land, divers writings had the wax of them bitten with the 
•wang tooth of him that passed them," which was also there- 
in mentioned in rhyme, as thus, 
*« In witness of the foth, 
Ich ban biten this wax with my wang tothe." 

May not the expression be borrowed from the whang or 
thong to which the seal was generally attached. 



A^ard I A way war( ^ P^ild. ^sellus^ 



Baad, Continued. 

JSaad, To bathe. S. badian. Welsh oadd. Isl. bad. 

Baal>hills, Hillocks on the moors, where fires have formerly 
been. Isl. baal, incendium. The custom still remains in 
the West of Scotland, amongst the herdsmen and young 
people, to kindle fires in the high grounds, in honor of 
Beltan or Baal. Though the light of the Gospel has, from 
time immemorial, dispelled from this district the darkness 
of heathen and idolatrous superstition, yet, as there are 
many vestiges of their antient rites still visible on our 
moors, it may not be uninteresting to give a particular 
account of them, selected from Dr. Jamieson's Etymolo- 
gical Dictionary of the Scottish language. 

" The people of the'parish of Callander, Perths, have 
two customs, which are fast wearing out, not only here, but 
F 2 



56 



all over the Highlands, and therefore, ought to be taken 
notice of while they remain. Upon the first day of May, 
which is called Beltan or Bal-tien day, all the boys in a 
township or hamlet meet on the moors. They cut a table in 
the green sod, of a round figure, by casting a trench on the 
ground, of such circumference as to hold the whole com- 
pany. They kindle a fire, and dress a repast of eggs and 
milk, in the consistence of a custard. They knead a cake 
of oatmeal, which is toasted at the embers against a stone. 
After the custard is eaten up, they divide the cake into so 
many portions,- as similar as possible to one another in size 
and shape, as there are persons in the company. They 
daub one of these portions all over with charcoal, until it 
be perfectly black. They put all the bits of cake into a 
bonnet. Every one, blind-fold, draws out a portion. He 
who holds the bonnet is entitled to the last bit. Whoever 
draws the black bit, is the devoted person who is to be 
sacrificed to Baal, whose favour they mean to implore in 
rendering the year productive of the sustenance of man 
and beast, There is little doubt of these inhuman sacri- 
fices having been once offered in this country, as well as 
in the East, although they now omit the act of sacrificing, 
and only compel the devoted person to leap three times 
thro 1 the flames, with which the ceremonies of this festival 
are closed. 

" Baltein signifies the fire of Baal. Baal or Ball is 
the only word in Gaelic for a globe. This festival was 
probably in honour of the sun, whose return, in his appa- 
rent annual course, they celebrated, on account of his 
having a visible influence, by his genial warmth, on the 
productions of the earth. That the Caledonians paid a 
superstitious respect to the Sun, as was the practice among 
other nations, is evident, not only by the sacrifice at Bal- 
tein, but upon many other occasions." 

Statist. Acct. of the Parish of Callander ', Perths. 
by V. Widdershins. 

The following places on the borders of Craven, and at 
no great distance from each other, have probably, as ob- 
served by the Rev. respectable and learned G. S. Faber, 
received their names from these idolatrous rites, viz.— . 

Baildon, from Baal, and dune, a hill. 

Idle, from Idol. 

Bellinge, near Rawden, from Bell, and ingle, a fire, 
a fire dedicated to Bell or Baal. Qu. Is not Baal-fire the 
true etymon of the present bon-fire ? Mr. Todd supposes 
that the primitive meaning of the word is " a fire made of 
bones;" but I think the other is much more probable. — . 
The Craven pronunciation baan for bone, changing the 
letter n for 1, exactly corresponds with Baal. On any 
publick cause of triumph or exaltation, it is not likely that 
a parcel of bones would be collected to make a fire. The 
quotation from Beaumont and Fletcher is more applicable^ 

•« This city would make a marvellous hone-tire, 

(f 'Tis old dry Umber, and such wood has no fellow. 8 * 



51 



Baan-fire, A bon-fire, alias baal-fire. 

Baans, Bones, ' to mack naa baans,' is, to make no difficulty. 

Baath, Both. 

Babblement , Noise, from Babel, confusion of tongues. 

Back-end, Autumn. 

Back ner edge, \ i.e. I can make nothing of him, neither head 

Moss ner sand, J nor tail. 

Backside, The court behind the house. 

Backstone, Formerly a slate, but now an iron, on which oat-cake 
is baked. 

Bade, Continued, praet. from bide. 

Badger, A cornfactor, a cadger. Teut. kats-en, dlscnrrere. 

Bag, Udder. Isl. bagge, sarcina. 

Baist, To beat. 

Bait, Bate, To lower a bargain, " thou mun bait summat," 
abate. 

Balderdash, Trifling or obscene language. I cannot assent to 
the etymon of this word, given by Dr. Johnson. A. S. 
bald and dash, that of Dr. Jamieson appears much more 
probable from the Isl. bulldur, the prating of fools. A 
Bilder is an instrument in common use in Craven. It is 
a mallet with a long handle, used by the peasants to break 
clods of earth. Hence balderdash may with propriety be 
called dirt spread by the bilder, alias bilderdasher. 

Balk, Bank, A beam. Welsh, bale. 

Balk, u To be thrown ourt' balk," is to be published in the 
church. " To hing ourt' balk," is marriage deferred 
after publication. Before the Reformation the Laity sat 
exclusively in the nave of the church. The balk here 
appears to be the rood beam, which separated the nave 
from the chancel. The expression therefore means, to be 
helped into the choir, where the marriage ceremony was 
performed. 

Bamboozle, To threaten, or to deceive. 

Ban, To curse. Isl. bann. 

Bane, Near, convenient. Belg. bane, a path. Isl. beinn, 
rectus. 

Bangs, Beats, excels. Isl. bang-a. 

Bannocks, Loaves made of oatmeal. Sax. bunna, a cake.— 
Gael, bonnach. 

Bar, Bare, naked, " her legs er quite bar." Isl. ber. 

Bargest, A sprite that haunts towns, and populous places. Belg. 
birg and geest, a ghost. 

Tie-V"* \ ^^' ^ ence Stainforth-under-Bargh. — Goth, bairg. 

Barf I Welsh, brig, per Metathesin. 

Barked, Covered with dirt, like bark. 

Barkham, > Collar, formerly made of bark. Bark-haams, in Scot- 

Barknm, J land they are frequently made of straw. Gael. 

Ir. braigh. 
Barn, A child, known to all the Teutonic tribe. 
Barrels/ever, A violent propensity to drunkenness, or sickness in 

consequence of it. 

F 3 



Bat, Blow, or speed. A. S. bat fustis, here transferred to the 

stroke, " onny way for a bat." 
2. At the same bat, is, in thesame manner, ** he gangs 

on at saam bat." 
Bate, The fibres of wood, cross bated, that is, the fibres are 

twisted and crooked. 
Battered-horse, A horse with tender feet. Fit. soubattre, to 

surbeat. Blount, 
Baw, Ball. 
Baw^d, Bawled. 

Bawdy, Bawdry, obscene language. 
Baxvsln, An imperious, noisy fellow. Teut. bauch, venter, vid. 

Skinner. 
Beal, } 

Bell^ y To roar, to bellow. Teut. Mien. A.S.Mian. 
Bcllin, ) 

Beak, Iron over the fire, on which boilers, &c. are hung. 
Beak) To warm one's self. Su. G. baka. 

f^SjTheconqueror. 

Beck, A brook, universal in the Northern dialects. Belg. beke. 
Bedizened, Dressed out. 

Bee-bee, A nurse song. Gr. bauban, to sleep. Skinner. 
Bee-bread, A dark, acid substance within the combs for the food 

of bees. 
Beeok, An iron bar or crow over the fire, to support boilers, 

from beak. 
Beeos, Cattle. 
Bcest, First milk after calving. Belg. biest, curded milk— . 

Gr. peso. 
Beet, To help, to assist. 

Beet, The fire, mend the fire. Belg. u beoten yet vyer" 
Beet-need^ Assistance in distress. A. S. bitan, to restore. 
Bield, ) Affording shelter from cold. A. S. beladlan, to deliver. 
Bieldy, $ Isl. boele, domicilium. 

2. A handle. 
Belive, In the evening. 

2. By and by, used by Chaucer, Spenser, &c. and most 

of the old English poets. Sax. belifan, to remain. 
Belle, Tobelsh. 

Bell-kite, A protuberant body, from bell and Isl. kwidr. 
Belloned, Afflicted with an asthma, to which the smelters of lead 

are subject ; the colic of Poictou. 
Belly-go-lake-thee, Take thy fill, satisfy thy appetite. 
Belly-xvark, the colic. 
Belsh, Small beer, the cause of eructation. 
Benk, Bench. 

Bensel, To beat. Teut. benghelen. 
Bent, Short grass, growing on the moors. 
Bcrden, A burden. Isl. for, porto. 
Bethink you, Recollect yourself; a reflected verb. 
Bezzle, To drink, to tipple. 
Bid, To invite. 



59 



Biddy ) A louse. 

Bidin, Bearing. A. S. ledan, manere. 
Biff, To build. 

Big, Barley, with four sides or rows. 
Biggin, A building, 

Bijen, Truly. Belg. le-jaen, to affirm. 
Bilder, A wooden mallet, to break clods. Belg. buydelen. 
. Birk. Birch. 
Birtle, A summer apple, 
Bishopped, Pottage burnt at the bottom of the pan. "Bishop's 

i'th' pot," may it not have been derived from Bisho]; 

Burnet ? 
Bitch-daughter, Night mare. There is no tradition to explain 

the meaning of this curious word. Maar, Cooper. 



BiH'mess, ) R , M 
BVVmeskies, J ** tile Mass * 
BVfleddy, By the Holy Virgin. 
Blaa, Blew. Su. G. blaa. 



!££'}Toblea, 

Black-Ousel, Black-bird. A. S. osle. 

Black-water, Phlegm, or bile on the stomach. 

Blake, Yellow. Belg. Ueeck, pale. Isl. blaar. 

Blash, To throw dirt. Germ, platz-en. 

Blashment, Weak liquor. 

Blashy, Wet and dirty. 

Blast, To blow up with gun-powder. 

Blayberries, Whortle berries. Vaccineum myriillus. Linn. 

Bleeaned, 1 Half dried, probably from Isl. blaasa, flare 

Blaaned, J Craven, Uaan, blown upon. 
Blearing, Crying. 
Bleaz, A blaze. 

Blob, ° r } A bubble > a blister - 
Bleed, Yield, applied to corn. 

RedtZf^ ° r } A disease in cattle ' See moored - 

Blinnd, A blind, a cloak. 

Bloazing, Blazing. The mode of blazing for salmon in Craven 
was this : — A torch was made of the dry bark of holly, 
besmeared with pitch. The water was so transparent that 
the smallest pebbles were visible at the bottom of the river. 
The man carried the torch (in the dark evening) either on 
foot or on horse-back; another person, advancing with him 
who carried the torch, struck the salmon on the red (the 
place where the roe is deposited) with an harpoon, called 
in Craven a leister. 

Bloaz, Blaze. 

Blothered, Foamed, bellowed. Su. G. oladdra. Isl, llaudur. 

Blue, " To look blue," to be disconcerted. 

Blume, blossom. Ger. Num. 

Blush, Resemblance. 

Bo, Hobgoblin. Welsh, bo. 



60 



Boadle, Half a farthing, Dr. Jamieson says, it is one third part 
of a penny. 

jtoto" 9 } To belsh, to vomit. A. S. bealcan. Belg. boken. 

Bob, A bunch. Fa. lube. 

Boddum, Bottom. Germ, bodem. 

Body, A person, a " silly body." 

Boggard, A goblin. Welsh, bygwydd. 

Boggle, To take fright. Welsh, jBag'. 

Boiling, " The haal boiling," signifies the whole party. 

JB00&, Bulk, bigness. Su. G. bolk. 

Boon, Service or bonus done by the tenant to his landlord, or a 
sum of money as a compensation. 

Boorly, Rough. Teut. boer, a boor. 

Boos, Boughs. 

Booses, Stalls. Lat. bos. A. S. boseg. Isl. bus. 

Boot, Something given to effect an exchange. 

Bosky, Woody. Lat. boscus. 

Bosum, To eddy, u t' wind bosoms." 

Booted-bread, Wheat mixed with rye. Qu. Bolted or sifted. — 
Belg. buydelen, cribro cernere. Skinner. 

Bootless-bene, This was the question proposed by the Forester to 
Lady Rumelli on the death of her son. See Dr. Whita- 
ker's History of Craven. The Doctor interprets it " un* 
availing prayer." May it not be derived from bootless 
bale, irremediable sorrow, from bale, dolor, and boot auxU 
Hum, A. S. from bote. If taken in a literal sense, as boot- 
less bean, it will be, what is good for a bean deprived of its 
boot or pod ? or what happiness remained to a mother de- 
prived of her son, her only comfort and protection. Isl. 
been and boon preces. 

Bottle, A bundle of hay. Fr. boteau and botel. 

Bond, Bold. 

Bought or \ Joint of the knee or elbow. Belg. bout, bolt of 

Buft, J the bone, 

Bouk, To wash. Belg. buycken. 

1 R il th er ' I A k"^' flinty stone ' rounded like a bowl. 

Boun, Going, alias bound. 

Bout, Without. A.S.butan. This word explains the difficult 

passage in Shakspeare, mentioned by Mr. Archdeacon 

Nares, in his Glossary, 

" But being charged, we will still by land, 
Which, as I take it, we shall." 

Anth. and Cleop. iv. 10. 

It is evident that the but here is the Craven bout, without. 
" Touch not a cat bout gloves." Dr. Jamieson remarks, 
that the A. S. butan is the same as the Sc. but. u They 
that had eaten were about five thousand," butan, wifum, 
and clldum,, " besides women and children.." 

Matt. xiv. 21 • 



61 



Bouts, Contests, bolts. 

Bout, An entertainment, " weel hev a merry bout." 

Braa, Breea, A bank or brow. Welsh, bre, a hill. 

Braad-band, Corn laid out in the field in band. 

Brabblement, Wrangling. Belg. brabbelen. 

Brack, Broke. 

Brack, Salt, " as saut as brack." Belg. brack. 

Brackens, Ferns. Sw. stotbraaken, en in Goth, denoting femU 

nine gender. See Dr. Jamieson. 
Brade, Resembles. Su. G. breyd. Isi^ bregda. 
Brade, To desire to vomit. 

Branded, A mixture of red and black in stripes. Belg. branden. 
Brander, An iron over the fire. Belg. brander. 
Brand-new, Quite new. Belg. brandt nieuw. 
Brandrith, An iron to support boilers. A. S. brandred. 
Branlings, Worms cleansed in moss, preparatory to fishing* 
Brant, Steep. IsL. brattur, arduus. Sw. brant. 
Brash, Twigs. 
Brash, Impetuous, rash. 
Bras, Money, halfpence. 
Brast, Burst. 

Bratchett f ^ child, also an apron, Welsh, brat. 

Braunging, Pompous. 

Bravely, Finely, " thou's bravely donn'd." 
2. In good " health, I's bravely." 

Bray, To bruise. 

Brean f To perspire. Qu. Brine. Isl. brenne, uror* 

Breck, Breaking. 

Breed, Breadth, Isl. breyda. A. S. braed. 

Breeks, Breeches. A. S. brcec. Isl. broof. 

Breeod, Bread. 

Breet, Bright. 

Breoth, Breath. 

Brcward, The tender blades of springing corn. A.S.brord, 
2. The brim of a hat. 

Bride-ale. Immediately after the performance of the marriage 
ceremony, a ribbon is proposed as the prize of contention, 
either for a foot or a horse race, to the future residence of 
the bride. Should, however, any of the doughty dispu- 
tants omit to shake hands with the bride, he forfeits all 
claim to the prize, tho' he be first in the race. For the 
laws of the Olympic games were never more strictly ad- 
hered to, than the bridal race by the Craven peasants . 

Even the fair were not excluded in the horse race from this 
glorious contest Whoever had the good fortune to arrive 
first at the bride's house, requested to be shewn to the 
chamber of the new married pair. After he had turned 
down the bed clothes, he returns, carrying in his hand a 
tankard of warm ale, previously prepared, to meet the 
bride, to whom he triumphantly offers his humble bever- 
age. He may go some distance before he meets her, as 
nothing is deemed more unlucky than for the bride and 



6 L Z 



bridegroom to gallop. The bride then presents to him the 
ribbon as the honourable reward of his victory. Thus adorn- 
ed, he accompanies the bridal party to their residence. 

Bride-cake, The bridal party, after leaving the church, repair 
to a neighbouring inn, where a thin carrant-cake, marked 
in squares, though not entirely cut thro', is ready against 
the bride's arrival. Over her head is spread a clean linen 
napkin, the bride-groom standing behind the bride, breaks 
the cake over her head, which is thrown over her and 
scrambled for by the attendants. 

Bride-wain, A waggon laden with furniture, given to the bride, 
when she leaves her father's house, the horses decorated 
with ribbons, now obsolete in Craven. 

Brigg, A bridge. A. S. brigg. 

Brim, The heat in sows. Isl. brenne, uror. 

Brock, A badger, a pate. A. S. 

Brocken, broken. 

Brock-faced, a white longitudinal mark down the face, like a 
badger. 

Broddle, To make holes* 

Brog, To erop. 

Broke, Sheep are said to broke, when laying under a broken 
bank of earth. 

Broo, Brother. 

Brosten, Burst. 

Brott, Shaken corn. A. S. gebrode, fragments. Isl. trot, 

Broute, Brought. 

Brown-leeming, A ripe brown nut, from brown, and Belg. 
leeminge, lime. 

Browis, Pieces of bread, soaked in water, and afterwards satu- 
rated with fat. Welsh, brywes. 

Bruzz, To bruise, to break the shin. 

Buck, To wash. Goth, bitcka. Todd. 

Bud, But. 

Budge, To bulge. 

Buddie, To cleanse ore. Belg buydelen. 

Buffet, A stool. 

Buft, Elbow. 

Bullace, A common plum, prunum silvestre. Skinner derives 
it from bull's eyes. 

Butt-fronts, Tufts of coarse grass, aira caepitosa. Ltnn. 

Bullokin, Imperious, corruption of bully. 

ai1fe} The flower ° f ^arummaculatum. 
Bullyrag, To rally in a contemptuous way. Qu. From bully 

and rage. 
Bumble-bee, Humble-bee. 

Bummlekites, Bramble berries. Qu. Bramble and Belg. krtcken. 
Bump, A stroke. Isl. bomps* 

Bunch-berries, The fruit of the tubus saxatilis, of which poor 
people often make tarts. 



63 



Bur, Wood or stone, put under a wheel to stop its progress. 

feurn-his-fingerS) Is when a person has failed, or has been over- 
reached in any attempt. 

Bur-tree) Elder. Bore trte, as hollow as if it had been bored. 
Sambncus nigra. 

Bush, To inclose or sheath, applied to the iron of the nave of a 
carriage. 

Busk) A bush. Isl. buske. It. Iosco. 

2. A piece of wood worn in the stays, in the place of whale 
bone. 

Butch) To do the office of a butcher. 

Butt) To border upon, from abut. 

BuZ) A kiss. Welsh, bus, the lip. 

Buzzard) A coward. 

By-far, Much. 



CadS) Cupboard or shelves for glasses, &c. Glass-caas. 
Cade-lamb) A domesticated lamb. Blount derives it from the* 

Lat. casa) Skinner from an old Fiu word cadeler, to 

breed tenderly. 
Cadged) Filled, A. S. 
Caff) Chaff. Belg. kaff. 

C Ca§t 0T } T ° cavil 0r run ofF a bar S ain ' 

CalletiTi) Pert, saucy, gossiping. 

Callot) A Drab. 

Calflick) Haii .which does not lie in the same direction as the 

other. 
Call) To abuse or scold. 
Cam) Bank or camp near a ditch. 
Cample) To talk, to contend. A. S. camp) to contend. 
CammereV) Hock of a horse. Fr. cambre, crooked. See Nares 

on the word cambril. Sc. camy, crooked. 
Cart) A milk pail. a - 

Caned-Liquor, In which is a white filament, called also mothery* 

Lat. canus. Belg. kaen, Welsh, canned. 
Cankered) Cross, peevish. 

Cant) Lively. Sv.G.gante. 
Cant) To take off the edge or corner. Du. kanU 
Canter) " To win in a canter," is to win without exertion. 
Canting) Flattering. 

2. Splaying off an angle* Du. kant. 
Cappil) To mend or top shoes. 
Caps) Puzzles, also excels. Teut. kappe) summit* 
Carl) A clownish fellow. Belg. kaerle. 
Carre) A marsh. 
Car-water) Red or chalybeate water, from a bog. Su. G. kacr 7 

A marsh. 
Cast, Warped, " f board hez gitten a cast," 



64 



Casten, } p. p. of cast, cast off, as " casten cloaths, or cassen 

Cassen, f claiths." 

Cater or 1 Intimate friends, or near relatives being within 

Quatre-Cousins, J the first four degrees of kinship. Blount. 

Caud, Called. 

Cauf, Calf. 

Cause, Because. 

Cawing, Calling. 

Cawkins, The hind part of a horse's shoe, turned up. Lat. 

calx, Teut. kaucken, calcare. 
Ceiling, "Wainscot. Cooper, seeling, materiaria incrustatio. 
Chaff, Jaw, jaw-bone, alias chaw bone. 
Chafein, Fretting. 
Chamberlye, Urine. 
Chamfer, The plain splay in wood or stone. Fr. champs-fair e ; 

of this Mr. Nares gives not the etymon. Skinner derives 

it, I think, improperly, from chambre, sulcatus. Todd 

quotes chamfret from Sherwood in the same sense that I 

have given. 
Chance-barn, An illegitimate child. 
Chap, Fellow, a purchaser. Su. G. kaeps, a person of low 

condition. 
Char-woman, A woman hired by the day to clean the house.— 

Belg. keeren. Gazoph. Anglic. 
Chatter-water, Tea. 
Chattered, Bruised. 
Chatts, Keys of the ash. 
Chauf, To fret or be uneasy. 
Cher cock, Misletoe thrush, which gives the cheering notice of 

spring. Mr. Todd, says the thrush is called shirlcock in 

Derbyshire. 
Chevin, A chub. 
Chickenchow, A swing or merry-totter. Qu. check and jowl, 

or push and check, per usteron proteron, 
Chig, To chew. 
Chitterlings The small guts minced and fried. Belg. Schyter- 

lingh. Blount. 
Chitterling, the frill of the shirt. Todd. 

Chitty -faced, IBaby faced. Fr. chiche, siccus, aridus pros 
Chiche-faced, J made. Skinner. 
Chop, To exchange, to put in hastily. 
Chopping boy, A stout boy. Belg. koopen, emere or fit for 

sale. Skinner. 
Chowl, The jaw, from jowl. Sc. chol. 

Chuck, A hen. Belg. kuyken, a chicken. Dr. Jamieson. 
Chunter, To complain and murmur. Sc. channer. 
Chur chilled, Hogged, probably from the Churchill family. 
Churn-supper, An entertainment on finishing the harvest. Belg, 

kermisse, a feast. Sc. kern, Qu. quern, 
Claas, Close. 
Claaths^ Cloths. 
Clag, To stick. 
Ctam^ Clammy, adhesive. Belg. klam. 



65 



Clam., To hunger. 

Clammersome, Greedy, rapacious. 

Clamp, To tread heavily. Sw. klampig. 

Clams, Pincers. Belg. klemmen. 

Clap, To fondle, to pat. 

Clap-benny, Infants in the nurses' arms are frequently requested 

to clap-benny, i.e. to clap their hands, the only means 

they had of expressing their prayers. Isl. klappa to clap, 

and been prayer. 
Clap-cake, Unleavened and rolled oat-cake. 
Clapper, Tongue. 
Cleamed, Leaned, inclined. 

2. daubed. A. S. clcemian. 
Clart, To daub. Su- G. lort. 
Clapt, Fixed, placed. 
Clat, To tell tales. 
Clover, Clover. Du. klaver. 
Clea, 1 A claw. 
Clee, J 2. One-fourth of a cow gait in stinted pastures, in Cooper 

cley. 
Cleap, To name or call. A. S. clypian. 
Clad, cloathed. Belg. kledden. Isl. klcede, vestis. 
Cleg, A gad fly. Dan", klaeg. Sc. gleg. 
Clemmed or 1 Starved, hungry, thirsty. Belg. klemmen, to 
Clammed, J pinch. 

Clept, Called. Qu. Gr. kekleptai, per apocopen, klepU 
Cletch, A brood of chickens. Isl. klek-ia. 
Clicken, Catching. Belg. klecken. 
Clim, To Climb. 
C%, To shear or cut. 
Clock, The noise made by a hen. 

2. A beetle. Teut. kluck-henne. 
Clod, To throw stones. 

£^ & 'TPra?t. of climb. Milton. 

Clomp, To make a noise. Belg. klompen. 
Clot, To spread dung. 

gK%, or }«>*>» *-■""■. 

Clough, A valley. Dan. klof. A. S. dough. Sc. clench. 

ffir,} Abl0W - BM. a .ftfa*r. 

Clouterly-fellow, Clumsy and awkward. Belg. kloete. 

Clow, A floodgate. Lat. claudo. 

Clum, Daubed. 

Clumpst, Benumbed with cold. 

Clung, Hungry or empty. 

2. Daubed. 

3. Closed up. 

Clungy, Adhesive. A. S. klingan. 
Clunter, In disorder. Belg. klonter. 

flutters } Inhea P s - Welsh, cluder. 
G 



66 



Coate, House or cottage. A. S. cote* Gr. koite,cubile. MlN$HEW. 
Cobble, A stone, also v. to throw stones. 
Cobby, l ]5ve1v 
Cocket, S llYeiy ' 

Cob-nut, A game at nuts, common to children. A. S. coppe 
apex. SkinnEr. Belg. kop-not, nux capitalis, — 

MlNSHEW. 

Cocker, To indulge. Welsh, coeru. 

Cockers, Gaiters, properly a sheath. Qu. A sheath or covering 

for the legs. Coop. Th. 
Cockahoop, vide keckahoop. 
Cockles of the heart. Qu. Stomach, *• a soap o' gin ol warm th* 

cockles o' my heart." 
Coddle, To indulge with warmth. 

Coddy-foal, A young foal, probably a diminutive of colt. 
Codjer, A mean, covetous person. Span, coger. M in shew, 

vide Todd. 
Codlins, Limestones, partially burnt. 
Coke, The core of an apple. 
Coil, A noise, u There's a great coil to-night." Shakspe are's 

Much Ado about Nothing. Act. 3. Sc 3. Teut. kollern. 
Collin, To run about idly. Belg. kal. 
Collock, A pail. 
Collop, A slice of meat. Gr. kolobos, offula, Skinner. Old 

Fr. colp, to cut off. TodD. 
Collop-Monday, (The day preceding Shrove Tuesday,) on which 

it was usual to eat eggs and collops. 
ColUale, Ale claimed as a perquisite by the blacksmith on shoe- 
ing a horse for the first time. 
Come-thy-ways, Come forwards. 
Complin, Impertinent. Germ, kampen, to contend. 
Con, To fillip by the finger and thumb. 

cTlie I ^° l earn# A. S. conndn, cognoscere. 

Conner, Reader. 

Consate, To imagine, to fancy. 

Coppet, 1 Saucy. 

Copt, J 2. Convex, a copt hill side* 

Coppin, A piece of worsted, taken from the spindle. WELSIi, 

copyn. 
Corf, A basket for coals. Belg. corf 
Corn-crake, Land rail or daker hen. 
Costril, A small barrel. 

Cot, A man who is fond of cooking for himself. 
Cott, A fleece of wool matted together. 
Cotterd, Entangled. Colt-haired, like a wild colt 
Cotteril, An iron pin. 
Collogue, To converse, to lay plots* L AT , colloquit, 

Caud 1 Cold# Be1g ' kaud > koudi 
Coud-togither, Collected. 
Couf, Cough. 
touks^ Small cinders,, 



67 



Cow -rake' f ^ scra P er > ^ rom coa * anu< ra ^ e> 

Count, A valley. Welsh, cwm. 

Counsel, To persuade or influence. 

Coup, To exchange. Belg. koop, a sale. Isl. kaupe* 

Coup, A cart closed with boards. Sc. coop. 

Cove, A cave. A. S. cofe. 

Cowarse, Coarse. 

Cowers, Stoops, bend. Fr. courier. 

Cow-jockey, A beast jobber. 

Cow-lady, 1 A beautiful small scarlet beetle, with black spots. 

Lady-bird, J Coccinella blpunctata. Linn. 

Lady-bird, lady-bird, fly away home, 

Your house is on lire, your children at home. 

Dr. Jamieson. 

Cowl, A circular swelling. Su. G. kull vertex. 
2. To scrape together. 

Cow^rUe } A lever ' from Fj *"l> rise and crow * 

Cowshut,\A wood pigeon. A. S. cusceate, from cusc, chaste, from 

the conjugal fidelity of the bird. Belg. kuysheyt, coo* 

shout. 
Crack, To boast. 

2. Immediately. Ger. kraak-en. " Naa girt cracks," 

nothing to boast of. 
Cracklings, Crisp cakes. 
Crammle, To walk idly. 
Cranchin, Crackling, to grind the teeth. 
Cr ankle, Weak, shattered. Teut. krank. 
Craps, The refuse of tallow. 
Cratch, A frame of wood to lay sheep upon. 
Crate, A wicker basket. Belg. kratte. Gr. krateo. 
Crazled, Just congealed. 
Cream, To froth, to mantle. 
Cree, To seeth, hence creed rice. 
Creel, An ozier basket. 

Creepins, Chastisement, beating u I'll gi'the thy creeping." 
Creutin, Recruiting, recovering. 
Cripple hole, Hole in a wall for passage of sheep. 
Crob, To tyrannise. 
Crocks, Crooked timbers, resting on stone blocks to support the 

roofs of antient buildings. 
Crofts A small inclosure near a mansion. Belg. krofte. A^ S« 

croft. 
Crommed, Crowded. 
Cronkin, Perching. 

2. Croaking. 
Crook, A disease, attacking the necks and limb&of sheep, causing 

the neck to be crooked. 
Croon, To roar like a bull. Belg. kreunen. A. S. runian, 
Croopy, Hoarse. Isl. kropa, vehementer clamor e, 
Croppen, Crept. 
Cross-grained, 111 tempered. 

G 2 



68 



Croodv' 1 ^* ea * an( * water ? sometm ies mixed with milk. 

Cruddle, To curdle. 
2. To stoop. 

Crummy, Fat, 

Cuddle, To embrace. 

Culvert, A drain or small arch. Qu. Belg. kul, a circle or arch, 
and Lat. verto, to turn ; or from the old English word 
culvert, a dove, the opening resembling a pigeon-hole. 

Cunliff, A conduit. 

Cur, Used as a person, as ketty cur, a vile person. 

Cute, Active, clever. A. S. ciith, expertus. Jamieson. 

Cutely, Sensibly, acutely. Lat. ucutus. 

Cutterin, Talking low, and privately. Belg. kouten. Germ. 

kuttern. 

Cus 1 

jr ■ ' j-Kiss. Welsh, cus. Belg. kussen. Gr. kuo or kuso. 

D 

Daam, Dame, wife. 

Dab, Master of his business, 

Dad, \ Father, nearly the same in a variety of Northern 

Daddy, J languages. 

Daddle, To do any thing imperfectly. 

Daffy downdilly, Daffodil. 

Daft, Fearful, timid. Su. G. dofwa, to stupify. Mr. ToDD. 

Daggle, Tobemire. Sc. daddle* 

Daker-hen, Land-rail. 

Dang, To throw, praet. tense from ding. Gael, ding-am. 

Dandiprat, A dwarf. Belg. danten ineptire, et prcete, fabulce. 

MlNSHEW. 

Dannot, An idle girl, a do-naught. 

Darn, To mend stockings. Belg. garen, or TO DO in gam*— 

Welsh, darn, to patch. 
Dash'd, Confused, ashamed, from adash. 
Daudle, To trifle. 
Dauber, A plaisterer. 
Dwwled, Tired. 

Daws, Thrives, to be healthy. Teut. dauwen. Su. G. doga. 
Daytal, A day labourer. 
Dazz'd, Not well baked. 
Dead-horse, " To pull the dead horse," is, to labor for wages 

already received. 
Deaff, Unproductive, whether applied to land or to corn. Su. 

G. dauf-jord, terra sterilis. Jamieson. 
Deaff-nut, A decayed nut. Teut. doove, rotten. 
Dean, A valley. A. S. den. 
Deary, Little. 
Deck, To select, or cast out. Qu. per apocopen lecU from select, 

or Fr. decouper. 



69 



Dee, Die. 

Deed, Doings, " there's sad deed I'll uphodto." 

Ski"""- 

Deft, Decent. Belg. deftig. A. S. dcefe, pretty. 

Deftly, Decently, pretty well, gently. A. S. dcefe, accommodus. 

Skinner. 
Deg, To sprinkle. A. S. deagan. Isl. deig-r. Sw. dagga. 
Deg-bowed, When cattle are swollen, they are said to be deg- 

bowed. Sc. bowden, swollen. 
Deggy, Small rain, foggy. 
Delf-case, Shelves for crockery or delf. 
Delleet, Daylight, break of day. 
Delve, To bruise, or indent. 
Dem, Dam. 

Bench, Nice, squeamish. Sc. doneh. 

Derse, Havock, also to dirty, per Metathesin, from dress. 
Dessably, regularly. 
Desses, Cuttings or trusses of hay. This is plainly the taas men* 

tioned in antient MSS. Gael. tass. Belg. hoy-tassen, 

to gather hay^ 
Dess-up, To pile up in order. Belg. dissel, a chopping knive 

or ax. 
DeviVs-dung, Assafcetida. 
Dewberries, Cloud-berries, rubus chamcemorus. 
Dib, To dip or incline. 

2. A valley. A. S. dippan. Welsh, dib. 
Dibble, An instrument for planting. Teut. dlpffell. 
Dicky -with-him, 1 

Dished, J- All over with him, ruined. 

Done-up, J 

DidnHo, Didst thou not. 
Difficulter, More difficult. 
Differ, To quarrel. 
Dill, To soothe pain. The Isl. dylla-a, lallo, 

^^' | To stop up. A. S. dyttan occluders 

Dike, A ditch. Gael. dyk. 

2, A bank. 
Ding, To throw down. Gael, ding-am, to press. 
Dinman, Scotch wedder a shearing or two years old. Fa. deux 

anns. Sc. dinmont, or from the Scotch word dymenew, 

diminished, or once deprived of its fleece. In Cooper 

diudens, a hoggrel. 
Dinnle, To thrill, to tingle. Belg. tmteUen, 
Dipness, Depth. Isl. dyb. 
Dirl, To move quickly. A. S. thirlian, to turn like an aiiger. 

Su. G. drilla. 
Dish, A cup, " a dish o' tea." 

Didders 1 To shake witb cold ' TEUT * zUUrn ° 
Dizen, To dress. 
Do, A fete, " a feaful grand do." 
G 3 



70 



Dockans, Docks. 

Dodded, Without horns, an abbreviation of doe-headed. 

Dodge, To incite. 

Doft, To undress, to throw off, from do-off. 

Dog, A toaster, wood or iron, in form of a dog. 

Dolly -tub, A machine for washing. 

Donk, 1 Wet, poetically dank, originally from the Runic.— 

Donky,$ Belg. doncker, cloudy. Su. G» dunken, 

Donn'd, Dressed, from do-on. 

Dont, Jonathan. 

Doon, Done. 

Door-cheeks, Door-posts. 

Door-staans, Threshhold. 

Dos, Joseph. 

D°os%/,} Dvisky ' dark * Belg -<%^. 

Double, To clench, " he doubled his kneaf." 

Doubler, A large plate or dish, double sized, from Lat. duplarxs. 

Doublet, A waistcoat with sleeves. 

Doudy, A dirty woman. Isl. douda, an idle person. 

Douk, 1 To bathe, to duck. A. S. doucan. Belg. ducken— 

Douse, J In Cooper, to bow the head. 

Douse, A blow. Sc. doyst. Belg. dousen. 

Douter, Extinguisher, from do-out. 

Douvn, Slumber., Belg. douwe, perspiration. Sc. dover.— 

Isl. dur. Lat. dormio. 
Dowly, Melancholy, from dule, sorrow. Welsh, duly ft* 
Down-come, A fall of rain. 

2. A fall in the market. 
Down-faw, A fall of rain or snow. 
Down-liggin, Lying-in. 
Down Vtli* mouth, Dispirited. 
Drab, A light grey colour, properly applied to cloth, from Fa. 

drap. 
Drab, A dirty woman. 

2rS£} Dirtied - BELG * ^aUe^nWe. 
Draff, Grains. A. S. and Belg. drabbe,fcex. 
Drape, A barren cow. A. S. drepen, to fail, having failed to 
give milk. 

Dree, Tedious. 

Dree, To be able to walk and arrive at. A. S. dreogan, to under* 

go. Goth, drig, long. 
Dreed, Arrived. 
Dress, To beat, to cleanse. 
Dresser, A long chest of drawers. Teut. dressoor. Fr. dres* 

soir, a side-board, forte a ihresour, thesaurus. Minshew, 
Drink, Beer, thin drink, small beer. 
Drinkings, Afternoon's repast. 
Drip, Any thing that falls in drops. Belg. druyp. 
Drissing, Dressing. 
Drizling, Small rain. Sc. drifflin, Isl. dreitill, guttulce. 



71 



Dry-salter, A person dealing in various articles for dyeing, not 

in pickles, (in this district,) according to Mr. Todd. 
Dub, A pool of water. Mm. G. diep, deep. Welsh, dwr, 

water. 
Dub, The sea, " he's gaan ourt' dub," i.e. he is gone over sea. 
Dud, A rag. Gael. dud. Isl. dude. 
Duce take you, A profane expression, from Goth, and A. S. 

dues, a spectre; i. e. may the evil spirit take you. Blount. 
Ducks and Drakes, A stone thrown on the surface of the water, 

which frequently rebounds without sinking. 
DuddeVd, Made luke-warm. 

Dulbard,! A blockhead. Sc. dowhart. Germ, dob-en insanire. 
Dullard, J Jamieson. 
Dule, The devil. 

2. An engine with iron teeth for tearing wool, &c. 
Dumpling, A pudding made of dough from dough and plen. 
Dumps, Sorrow, u he's down i'th' dumps." Dutch, dom, stupid. 
Dumpy, A person short and fat. Isl. doomp. 
Dung-up, Reflected on. 
Dunnot, Do not. 

Durdum, Noise, uproar. Welsh, dwrdh. 
Dust, Tumult. Su. G. dyst tumultus. 
Dusto, Dost thou. 
Dwine, To faint, to disappear. Belg. dwijnen. Isl. duyn.—^ 

Teut. dwynen. A. S. dwinan. 



E.I. 

Eea, In a. 

Ealand, Island. A. S. ealand. 

Ealling, A lean to. 

f£L,° r } UDde - A.S.«™, 

Earand, An errand. Isl. erende- Dr. Hickes. 

Earles, The earnest money for service or performance of contract 

Arrha. Su. G. ernest. Welsh, ernes, a pledge. 
Earn, To coagulate milk. A. S, yrn-an. 
Earning, Rennet. 
Easings, Eaves of houses. 

2. Dung, Cow's easings. 
Ee, Eye. 
Eed, I had. 
Een, Eyes. 

Ee-saar, An escar or blemish, unpleasant to the sight. 
Efter, After. A. S. eft. 
EfterH, After the. 
Efter-themsin-Breeod, Bread made of coarse flour or refuse from 

the sieve. Belg. temsen. It. temisare. 

Hagberryl ° r j- The bird cherry. Primus padns. Linn. 
Egodlins^ Truly, 
Eigh, Yes, 



72 



Elbow-grease, Persevering exercise of the arms, exciting per- 
spiration. 
Eldin, Fuel, called fire-eldin. Isl. eldur. A. S. eld. Dan. ild. 
Elf-locks, Hair supposed to be entagled by an elf. 
Eller, Alder. A. S. ellarn. 



re ^° r }swc 



Hellered, 

Elsen, An awl, Belg. elssen. 

Elt, To knead. 

Enaunter, Lest. 

End, Or a girt end, many. 

End, " Most an end," continually. 

2. A part, as " a girt end of his time." 

End or side, Any thing undetermined. " I can mack nayther 
end ner side on V 

Endays, Forward, endwise. 

Endirons, The irons on each side the fire. 

Enew,\ Enough, applied to numbers, not to quantity. Dr. 

Enow, J Johnson makes enow the plural of enough. Is there 
any other word in the English language ending in ough 
in the singular number, which takes now in the plural ? — 
u I've cake enif, and apples enew." 

Enow, By and by. 

Enif, Enough. 

Er, Are. 

Esh, Ash. Teut. esche, 

Eshed, Asked. 

Eshlar, Ashlar, stones walled in course or by scale. Fr. echeler. 

Espin, Aspen. 

Ether, Adder. A. S. nedre. Goth, nadir. Isl. nadur. 

Etraath, truly in truth. 

Etow, Broken in two. 

Evil-eye, A malicious eye. Superstitious people supposed, that 
the first morning glance of him that had an evil eye was 
certain destruction to man or beast. If the effect were not 
instantaneous, it was eventually sure. If he who had this 
unfortunate propensity was well disposed, he cautiously 
glanced his eye on some inanimate object, to prevent the 
direful consequences. 

Evven, Equal, " I'll be evven wi' him." 

Evven-down, Direct, " an evven-down lie. 

Ever, " For ever and a day." In rnodum perpet periu Cooper . 



Faat, A fault. 

Fahbin, Flattering. 

Fadder, Father. 

Faded, Tainted, decayed. 

Fadge, A bundle. 

Faft, Fought. 

Fain, Glad. Isl. feigenn, feyne. 

Fair, | To a pp eal5 u t ' cow fairs o' cawvin." 



73 



Fair-faw, May they prosper, may it fall out fair or well. 

Fairish, Tolerably good. " 

Familous, Relating to a family, " 'tis a familous complaint." 

Fand, Found, "my ain judgment fand," Gentle Shepherd, 
Act 3, Scene 4th. 

Farnticles, Freckles on the skin, resembling the seeds of the 
fern, freckled with fern. 

Farrendily, Decent, respectable. 

Fashed, Tired. Fash, a substantive, nearly the same in sound, 
and quite so in sense, is used by Archbishop Spottiswod, 
History of the Church of Scotland, " which put him in a 
great Fasheree," i. e. gave him much trouble. FR.fasher. 

Fastness-een, Shrove Tuesday, the eve of the mass of the great fast. 

Fitters^ flatters. It. feltare. Fr. fendre. 

Fauce, Cunning from Old English fouse, a fox. 

Fauf, A fallow. Isl. faaga. Su. G.Jeia, to cleanse, hence the 
Craven word fey'. 

Favvor'd, Resembled. 

Faw, Fall. 

Fawter, To thresh off the awns of Barley. 

Feaful, Very, exceeding. 

Feal, To hide. Belg. helan. Isl. fel, occulto. 

Fear'd, Afraid. 

Felks, Felloes of a wheel. 

Fell, Hill. A.S.feld. Isl. fell. 

Fellon, A disease m cows, occasioned by cold, from felle, saith 
Skinner, cruel, on account of the anguish the complaint 
occasions. Is it not derived from Belg. felen or fey ten, 
to fail ; because milch cows, which are subject to it, fail 
of giving their milk ; or from Du, hellen, to bow or hang 
down, as the udders of cows are frequently enlarged in this 
disease. 

Feltered, Entangled. It . feltrare. 

Fend, To be industrious, M he fends hard for a living," 

Fend and prove, To argue and defend. 

Fendible, Active. 

Fer, To free pastures, vid. firs. 

Fest, To put out to grass, to feast. Belg. feester en. 
2. To place out apprentices under an indenture. 

Festing-penny, Money given, as an earnest, to a servant, on 
hiring him. 

Fett, To fit. 

2. To be a match for one, " I'll fet him." 

Fettle, Condition, used by Ascham in Toxophil. for preparing 
the string of a bow. 

Fettled, Dressed, beat. 

Fey, Loose earth- Su. G. feia. 

Fey, To cast up, to cleanse, to remove earth. 

Ftck, To kick. Balg. ficken. 

Fidging, Kicking. 

Fig, To apply ginger to a horse, to excite him to carry a fine tail. 

Figure, Sum. 



74 



Filly. tails or 1 Long, white, transparent clouds, denoting rain 
Mare-tails, J or wind. 

'*. Whene'er ye spy hen seratts and filly tails, 
Be sure ye mind to lower your topsails." 

Finkle, Fennel. Belg. fenckle, Lat. feniculum. 

Fire-fanged, Oatmeal or malt too hastily dried. 

Fire-point, A poker. 

Firly-farly, Confusion, tumult. A< S. ferlic repentinus, and A. 

S. faerlic, strange, see Nab.es and Dr. Jamie son. 
Firm, To confirm. 
Firr'd, Freed. 

Firs, 1 Land not depastured by cattle. Isl. fcerde, to remove 
Frees, $ from the place, also Isl. fird, tranquillitas. 
Firstcr, First. 

Firth, 1 A field, taken from a wood. Welsh, ffrith, a planta- 
Frith, J tion. Todd. Skinner derives it from A. S.frid, peace, 

being such a place as the antient Saxons were accustomed 

to retire to as a sanctuary. 
Fit, Feet. 

Fitches, Vetches. Belg. vitse. Minshew. 
Fixfax, The tendon of the neck. Belg. pees* Germ. flacks. 

Jamieson. 
Flaat, Scolded. A. S.flitan. 

Flackerin, A rapid motion of the wings. Belg. fliggeren* 
Flagein, Flattering. Teut. fletzen. 
Flah, Turf for fuel. A. S. flean, to flay off. Isl. ad flaa, 

cutem detrahare. 
Flaid, Affrighted, frayed, afraid. 
Flairin, Shewy, gaudy, 
Flanned, Shallow. Fr. flans* dulciaria, quae nobis c custards' 

dienntur. Skinner. 

EST }**»«*• 

Flaycraw, Something to fray crows or birds. 
Flaysum, Frightful. 

Fleeok, A number of staves or cords, to dry oat-cake upon ; also, 
a flood gate or hurdles. Belg. flack. 

FSM Aflitch ° fBacon - 

Fleet, A flat bog. A.S.floot. 

Fleet, To skim milk. 

Flecked, Spotted. Isl. fleckur. 

Fleetings, Curds or cream. 

Fligged, Fledged. Isl. fleigur, hence fliggurs. 

Flighten, Scolding. Belg. fluytan. A. S.flitan, 

Flipe, To pull off. 

Flipper ing, Crying. 

Flit, To remove. Belg. fliizen. 

FlitC) To scold. 



15 



izz->\r^ 6 £y g« 5 to ma fc e a noise. Isl. fysa. 



Plizz, 
Fiz, 

?Sr^'} Tooverflow - ■Su.G.JBwfo. Sw.Jladdra. 

Flounder, To stumble, to founder. 

Flouter'd, Frighted. 

Flung, Deceived, U I wor sadly flung." 

Plusk, To fly out, to quarrel. 

Fluster, Hurry. Teut. flughs. 

Fluzzed, Bruised. 

Flybythsky, Haughty, unsteady, volatile* 

Fog, After-grass. 

Foisty, Fusty, mouldy. 

Fomard,\ A pole cat, a fou or foul mart, fetid mart, Fr. fuU 

Fomart, J fetid. 

Foore, A furrow. A. S.fore, a gait. Welsh, ^bre. Isl. jfoor. 
Footing-ale, Liquor or money given by a person on entering a 

new employment. 
For-au, Notwithstanding. 
Fore, Before. 
Fore-end, The forehand of a horse. 

2. The early part of life " the fore-end of my time. ,5 «« 
Shaksp. Cymb. vide Todd. 
Force, A waterfall. 

Forelders, Ancestors. A. S. forealdian. Todd. 
Forestead, A ford. 

FormilVd, Ordered, bespoke* A.S.fornuel, a bargain. 
Porrardish, Rather forward. 
Fotch, Fetch. 
F other, A fodder, containing 19 pigs or pieces of lead, each pig 

weighing 123 lbs. 
Foud, Fold. 

Foul, An ulcerous sore in a cow's foot. 

Fourum, A bench. Gft.formos. A. S.Jtntiitha, sellce. Skinner^ 
Fouse, \ . f 
Faws, ) A tox * 

Fquter, To thrash off the awns of barley. 
Pouts, Indulged children. hAT.fautus. 
Fram, ^ 

Frim, > Tender, brittle. Isl. framur, mollis* 
Prow, ) 
Frame, to attempt, " he frames weel." A. S. fremman, cfficcrc 

et formare. 
Praps, Noise, a boasting person. 
Fratch, A quarrel. 

2. playing. 
Fray, From. 
FrayV From the. 

Freni'd, \ Strangers, not related. A. §L fremd, f remitting > & 
PrimirCd, J strange?. VersTegan* 
Presh) A gentle swelling of a river. 

% Rather drunk* 



76 



Frfat } To lament, "he frets feafully." 

Fridge, To fret or fray, from L at. frico. 

Frosk, A frog. Teu t . frosch. Minshew. 

F rough, Brittle. 

From, T 

Frowdy, J- A woman. Belg. vrotve, a dirty woman. Sw.frodig. 

Fruggam,J 

Frumrnety, Wheat boiled in milk. Lat. frumentum. Fur~ 
mentie in Cooper. 

Frump, To rebuke, to treat with rudeness. Belg. frumpelen. 
Fr. tromper. 

Fruttace, Fritters. L at. frigere, to fry. Blount. 

Fruttace- Wednesday, Ash-Wednesday, when fritters were gene- 
rally eaten. 

Fud, To kick with tL,e feet* 

Fuddin, A kick. c < I'll githe a good fuddin." 

Fuddle, To get drunk, a person become so besotted, that ale is 
his chief food, hence food -ale. 

" Oh the rare virtues of this barley broth, 

To rich and poor, it's meat, and drink, and cloth." 

The Praise of Yorkshire Ale. 

Fudge, Fabulous. A. S. fcegan, according to Skinner, a 

merry story. 
Fudgy, A little fat person. 
Fuff, To blow or puff. 
Fuffy, Light and soft. 
Full, Drunk, " he's quite full." 
Full-but, with direct impetuosity. 
Full-iveet-shorf st, A little too short. 
Fun, Found. 
Furred, Incrusted. 
Fussock, A large gross woman. 
Fuzbaw, A fungus. 
Fuzzy, Light and spungy. Teut. u voose torvcn," fuzzy or 

fozy turves. Dr. Jamie son. 



Gadde, To go from house to house. 

Gad, A long stick. A. S. gad. 

Gager, An exciseman, from gauge. 

Gain, Near. Su. G. gen, utilis. Isl. gagn. 

Gait, A right of stray f-r a cow or horse, &c in a common field. 

Gate 1 Road * ISL ' gata " A ' S * gaU ' 

Gaitards. j To accompan y 9 « to gang i'th' saam gait." 

Gait-corn, Is to set up sheaves of corn on the end in wet weather, 
probably from Isl. gata yerforare, i. e. to cause the air to 
pass through it. Dr. Jamieson. 

To git agait, To begin. 

Gallic-handed, left-handed. Fr. gauche. 



77 



Gam, Game. 

Gamirill, A crooked piece of wood used by butchers, to expand 

the animal when slaughtered. 
Gam-leg, A lame leg, from Brit, gain, crooked, and leg. Todd. 
Gamme, Gave me. 
Gammer stang, A hoyden, an awkward girl, a ganger stang, a 

walking post. Qu. Grandmother's stang or pole, children 

being the pole or staff of their aged parents. 
Gang, To go. I s L . ganga. Belg. gangen . 
GangrillS) People going about is pedlars. Su. G. ganging. 
Gantree, A frame of wood to support barrels, placed in a row or 

gang. 
Gape-seed) Any object to entertain the eye. 
Gar, To compel. Dan. gior. 
Gam, Yarn. Belg. garen. Isl. gam. 
Garth) A girth. 

2. A small inclosure. 
Garzill) Hedge wood. 
Gastrid) Greatly affrighted, or ghost ridden. 

Oowkt 9 } Vacant, awkward. Sw. gack. 

Gaum) To know, to distinguish. M^so G. gaumgan. Germ. 

gaffen. Sw. gapa. Belg. gaapen. Isl. gapa. 
GaumlesS) Ignorant, vacant. 

Gaupen or \ As much as you can lay in both hands. Isl. gaupn. 
Goupen) J manus concava. 
GaupS) Stares. 

Gausteringi Imperious, boasting. 

Gaut) A male or castrated pig. Su. G gallt. Isl. gallte porcus. 
Gauve, To stare vacantly- Belg. gaap-en. 
Gauvison) A silly, staring fellow. 
Gavelock) An iron crow or lever. Goth, gafflack. Welsh, 

gwif. Belg. gavelotte. A. S. gaveloc. 
GavV) To give* 

Gay) \ Tolerable, " he's a gay sort of fellow." Teut. gheve, 
Gayly) J sanus. It. gaio 9 to be cheerful. 
Gay-to-a-three) A good many. 
Geeanf) Against the. 

Gear^ Goods of various kinds, wealth, &c. A. S. gear. 
Gee, To go from you, applied to horses, from agee, «, on, and 
gee) to move. Jamie son. 

2. To give. 3. " They do not gee together," i. e. they do 
not agree* 
GeeU) Given. 
Geld) Barren. IsL. gelid) infecundus. 

2. To castrate. 
Gerse) Grass Belg. gers. 
Geslin) Gosling. 

SJaMfe, } ItUe talfc lT> ***««• lsL - &&h hhterare. 

Gif) If, from the verb give. A. S. %> 

H 



78 



Gill) A glen. Isl. gill) hiatus montium. 

&illore, Plenty. Gael, leore, enough. 

Gilt) A female pig. Be l g. gelte^ spaded. Isiu.gilte. 

Gimlin, A large, shallow tub, in which bacon is salted. Chau- 

kemelin. Belg. kemnien. 
GimmeV) A female sheep. Belg. gemael y a female. 
Gin*, As if. 

&£$&}»* >»**• grose ' s class - dict - 

Gird 7 Fit or spasm. A. S* gird, a stroke. 

Girn, To grin- per Metathesis. 

Girt) Great, also, intimate friends, " they're feaful girt." A. 8. 

grith. Isl. grid) pax. 
Girt-lifce, Probably, veiy likely. Belg. gelijck. 
Githee) Give thee. 
Giihersy Gathers. 2. Recovers. 
Gitten) got. 

Give) To threaten, " I'll give it him.' 9 
Give-again) To thaw* 
Gizzeniri) Smiling. 
Gizzerii) The gizzard. 
Gladder) More smoothly, spoken of doors. A. S. glid. BelGc 

glad* Su. G. glatt. 
Gladdens ) Thaws. 
Glazner r Glazier- 

Glead) A kite. A. S. glida. Todd, Welsh, eglyd) hovering, 
Glee) To squint. Isl. gloe. 
Glentingj Looking aside. 

2. To diverge. Tnv T . giants. Isl. gknta, divaricare* 
Glib) Smooth. 

Gliff) A glance. Isl. glia. 

Giusln, } Td s litter - TeUT - e Ussen - 

Gloarin) Staring vacantly, wildly. Belg. gloaren. Su. G. glo. 
Glopperfd) Astonished. Isl. glopur, stultus* Qu. oppen-een— 

A. S. gloppan. 
Glurti) Sullen. Germ. glum. Su. G. glaumig. 

&r,} T ° gnaW ' t0tear - 

Qnar) A knot. 

Gnarled) Twisted full of knots. 

Gnattery) Full of pebbles or gravel. 

Griipe, The rocky summit of a mountain. Isl. gnipa. A. S* 

cnasp. 
Gob) The mouth, also a copious expectoration. 

3. Lumps, as u gobs of suet." 

God's-penny, Earnest money received by a servant, when hired. 

Goddil) With God's will. 

GodshVld it) May God shield or prevent it 

yflls, J jy\rty) or wet lands. Bulg. gouW) aquagium. Skinner. 

Goloshes ) Clogs, i.e. go-low-shoes, as the shoes are generally 

inserted in them. 
Gofeh) To swallow voraciously* Belg. kolcken. 



79 



Goed-een, Good evening, 

Goodman, Master or husband, Luke xxii, 11. A. S. guma, 
husband. 

Goodwoman, Wife. 

Gooms, Gums. 

Gooseberry-fool, Scalded and crushed goose-berries and cream, 
from Fr. fouler, to crush. Todd. 

Gor, Rotten, decayed. Belg. goor, dirt moorish earth— 
Welsh, asgore, to separate. 

Gore, A piece of cloth inserted. Isl. geir, segmentum panni. 

Gossamer, Down of plants, cobwebs, or rather vapour arising 
from boggy or marshy ground, in warm weather. The 
etymon or this word seems to have puzzled lexicographers. 
The great Dr. Johnson derives it from the Low Latin 
gossipium, to which the learned Mr. Todd has made no 
addition. Mr. Archdeacon Nares, in his late elaborate 
glossary, derives it from the French gossampine, and 
makes a quotation from Nabbe's Hannibal, where it is 
used in the same sense as in Craven. 

*' Whose eurls, when garnished with their dressing shew 
Like that thin vapour when 'tis pearled with dew." 

Skinner refers to Anth. Diet. Angl. qui eo nomine ap- 
pellant rorem ilium matutinum diurno sole ewsiccatum, qui, 
instar teloe arauea?, totos agros obsidet, proesertim post Ion- 
giores serenas tempestates. Teut. u Unser frawen 
haar," i. e. Capilli B. M. Virginis vocatur, which I have 

somewhere seen interpreted " God's dame's hair." 

Skinner also derives it from the Fr. gossampine, or from 
the Low L at. gossipium. Dr. Jamieson, m his Scottish 
Dictionary, (a most ingenious and entertaining work) 
styles it summer-couts, with the very same signification as 
in Craven, but still with no satisfactory etymon. This is 
a very convincing proof of the great advantages derived 
from a collection of local words, towards the elucidation 
of language, and the improvement of lexicography. The 
true etymon of this word, which has not been extracted by 
the united lucubrations of so many learned and ingenious 
men, is obvious to many illiterate peasants in Craven.*— 
This down or rather exhalation is well known by the name 
of summer -goose or summer-gauze, hence " gauze o'th' 
summer, 5 ' gauzamer alias Gossamer. 

Gote or 1 A channel for water, from a mill dam. Qu. go out, — 

Goiti J Skinner gives the name of gowts to canals or 
drains in Somersetshire, which he derives from Fr. gouttes, 
guttce, hence guttur. Cimbric, gautur, a flow of water. 
Vid. Mr. Todd, on the word guttur. 

Gowa, Let us go. 

Gowarge, A round chissel, for making hollows, from gouge. 

Gowdens, Wool cut from sheep's tails, probably caudens, from 
Lat. cauda. 

Gowl, Gum of the eye. Qu. Is it not so called from the colou 
resembling gold. 

H 2 



80 



Gowled, Gummed up, " my een er gowled up iv'ry mornin.*' 
Graan, To groan. A. S. granian. Welsh, graen, grief. 
Gradely, Decently. A. S. grade, order. 
Grain, The course of the fibres of wood, the same as bate, from 

Belg. granen, owing to its mode of growing. 
Grains, Prongs of a fork. 

2. Refuse of malt. 
Graith, In good wind or condition. A. S. germed, paratus. 
Granein, Fork of a tree. Belg. granen, to sprout* Isl. grein*, 

ramus. 
Granny, A grandmother. 
Grave, To dig. Isl. grafa. 
Grww, Ague. 

Gray, A badger. Cooper. 
Gray -stones, Mill stones for grinding coarse grain. Fr. grez, 

rough. 
Gree, Agree. 

Greedy-gut, A voracious eater. 
Green-goose, A goose fed on grass, before it be brought to the 

stubble. 
Green-tail, A diarhcea, to which deer are often subject. 
Grees, Stairs. Lat. gradus. Fr. pi. grez. 
Greets* Laments. Ish.groet. 
Grimy, Sooty. 
Griming, A sprinkling, as " griming of snaw," also of soot.— - 

IsL. graaner, prunis nivium fiocculis terra canescit. 
Gripe, A dung fork. Su. G. grepe, a trident. 

g^°'}Shelledo a ts. 

Grobble, To make holes. 

Groof, I A hollow in the ground or low house. Dan. groof*— 

Groon, Nose. Isl. gron, labrum lovis superius. Dr. HlCKES. 

Grove^ } A mine or shaft ' Teut# g ru *> m * to delve - 

Grosh, Gross. 

Grout, Wort of the last running. A. S. grut, far. FB.*gruotte* 

Skinner. 
Grounds, Dregs. A. S. grunds. 

jjj^} Rough, savage, imperious. 

Grund, Ground. lsiu* grund. 

Guilefat, Brewing vat. Belg. gyle, foam. 

Guiders* Tendons. 

Gully, A hollow ditch. 

Gut, "Hez nayther gut ner gall," i. e. an insignificant, inactive, 

person. 
Gyge, A creaking noise. Germ, geigen fricare. 
Gytrash, An evil spirit, a ghost, a pad-foot. 



81 

H 

Haal 9 Whole. 

Haaly, Wholly. 

Haam, Home. 

Haams, Two pieces of wood attached to the horse's collar. Lat. 

hami. Isl. hals collum. 
Haat, 1 
Hoate, y Hot. 
Hole, ) 

Habbat-him, Have at him, we are prepared for him. 
Hack, Pick-axe. Isl. haaka, ccedo. 
Hackle, Hair or wool. 
Hack-slavver, A dirty fellow. 

Haffle, \ To speak unintelligibly, to stammer. Belg. hackelen. 
Muffle, J [Coop. Thes.] 
Hag, To cut down. 
Hag-clog, A chopping block. 
Haggle. To cut awkwardly. 

2. To attempt to lower a bargain. 
Hags, Hanging woods. Isl. hoeg, wild and uncultivated, 

haggard, 
Hagues, Haws. Belg. hoeg. 

Hag-worm, A snake or blind worm, haunting the hag or hedge. 
Haips, Sloven. 

Hake, \ To go about idly. Belg. haacken. Germ, hooker, 
Hakein, J a pedlar, 

Heala f Bashful, modest. Sc. proud. A. S, hcalic excelsus. 

Halliwell, Holywell. Old Eng. halighe, holy. Verstegan. 
Halsh, To tie, to fasten. 

Hamfn' } Walkin S lame - A - S - hamelan. 

Hammer and Pincer, is, when a horse strikes the hind against 

the fore shoe, also to forge. 
Hammer -scapple, A niggardly person, who attempts to lower a 

bargain. 
Hand*sel, The first use of any thing. A. S. hand and syllan, to 

give. Belg- hansel, a present. 
Handechamp, A ruffle. 

Hangment, M To play the hangment," is to be much enraged. 
Hang-nails, vid. nang-nails. Ainsworth, hang-nails or xvorU 

wale of a nail. 
Hank, Habit. 

2. A quantity of worsted, &c. 
Hank, To fasten. 
Hankie, to entangle. 

Hap, To wrap up. A. S. heapian. Mr. Todd. 
Happen, Probably. 
Happin, Bed cloaths. 
Hard and sharp, Scarcely, "hesto mesure? naa matters, it's 

nobbud hard and sharp." 
Harden, Coarse linen. Teut. herde, Jibra lint. 
Hardens, Dearer, " corn rayther hardens." 
H 3 



82 



Harle^ Hair. Uelg. to. " Shoe's a feaful hask harled on," 

that is, the cow has harsh hair. 
Hams, Brains. Gr, kr anion. Goth, thaim. Dan. hierne. 

Belg. heme. Isl. Iiiarne. 
Harrish, To harrass. 
Harstone, Hearth-stone. 
Hask, Parched. Lat. hisco, when dry, the land generally 

cracks or gapes. 
Haspenald, A tall youth, betwixt a man and a boy, having shot 

up like an aspen, aid is a diminutive. 
Haspert, A rough fellow. Sc. aspert. Lat. asperus. 
Hasto, Hast thou. Teut. hast-du. Bailey. 
Hat-bruarts, Hat brims. 
Hauf, Half. 
Hauf-rockton, Idiotic, halfwitted. 

Haw ' i ^ h*U° c k* Dan. haughur, tumulus. Fr. ^aw*. 

Haut, To halt, to walk lame. 

Hauve, To come near, applied to horses. 

Havver, Oats. Belg. haver. 

Hawk, To expectorate with exertion. Teut. hawken. 

Hawporth, An halfpenny worth. 

Hawps, A tall, awkward girl. 

Hazes, It misles or falls with small rain. Ray. 

S»;} Beatin g» fromhazle - 

Healdin, Inclining. A. S. ftea&/. 

Hearten, encourage. Belg. herten. 

Heather, Heath or ling. 

Heap, Many, " there wor, for sure, a heap o' folk." 

Hearsto, Dreadful, hast thou heard it. 

Heavisome, Dark, dull, drowsy. 

Wheat™ } Takin S breath with difficulty. 1st. hoese. 

Heckle, To beat. Teut. heckelen, a hook, hence a heckler, 

flax dresser. 
Heck, A rack for hay. Belg. heck. 
Hedge-rise, Hedgewood, see rise. 
Heels, a To tack to. his heels," is to run away. 
Heeoduwark, Head*ache, 
Heeody, Brisk. 

Hefful, A woodpecker, a high-hold, the same as hecco, in NaUes. 
Heigh, High. 

2. " Heigh an end," dear* 
Heighmost, Highest. 
Heivy-keivy, Librating. 
Helle, To pour out. Isl. hette. 
Hellin, Compacted soot. 

HilUon i T ° P ° Ur Water ° n ^ ou ^* Infundo. COOPER. 
Heller* d, Swoln. 
2. Warped* 



83 



Helks, Detached Crags, also a large, heavy person. 

Helm, A shade for cattle. A. S. haelme. 

Helter-skelter, To run in great haste. Belg. heel prorsus and 
schitteren spargere, heeUter schetter. 

Hen, Money given, by the bride or bridegroom, on the eve after 
marriage, to their poor neighbours, to drink their health. 

Hen-scrattins, Small and circular white clouds, generally de- 
noting rain or wind, see Filly tails, 

Heppen, Decent, comfortable. A. S. hoeplic. 

Herd, vid. Hind. 

Heronsew, A heron. From heron and sue, for pursue, from their 
propensity to pursue fish. Skinner. 

Herple, To go lame, to creep. G. erpo, Belg. eiple, a duck. 

Hes, Has. 

Hesp, Clasp. 

Het, Heated. 

S,}Have. 

fg^Ahill. SO. 

Heyba, A great noise, a high or loud bawl. 

Hide, Skin, " to tan the hide," is to beat, " I'll tan thy hide for 

the." Belg. huyde. 
Hie, To be off, " goe hie thee. Isl. hcya. 
Hig, Passion. 

2. A temporary hurricane, " a march hig." 
Higgledy-piggledy, In the utmost confusion. 
Highty, A horse, a name generally used by children. 
Hike, To push with the horns. 

Hind, \ A bailiff or shepherd. Isl. hird custodire, hydra,— 
Herd, J Verstegan. In Minshew, hine. 
Hind-berries, Rasps. A. S. hindberian, wrongly interpreted by 

Mr. Lye, fragum, 
Hinderends, Refuse of corn. 
Hings, Hangs. 
Hippins, Stepping stones over a brook, contracted from Belg. 



2. Child's cloths. 
Hirsle, To move about. Teut. aerselen, ire retro, 
Hisk, To draw the breath with difficulty. 
Hissell, Himself. 

Hit, To find, " I cannot hit t' gait." 
Hobthr ash-lice, Millipedes. 
HoWil, A fool. 
Hobble, A state of perplexity. 
Hob-knotting, Saving your own expenses, by living with others 

on slight pretences. 
Hobbity-hoy, Half man half boy. 
Hod, Hold. 

Hodder, A thin mist or vapour, in warm weather, from hot-air, 
Hodio, Imperative, stop, hold. 
Hogs, Sheep one year old. Qu. A. S. hogan, to take care of, 

which their tender age requires. 
Hole V thy coat, Is a blemish in character or conduct. 



84 



Ijr^j } Middle, " t' hole o' winter. 

Hollin, Holly, a contraction from A. S. hollegan. 

Hollow, " He carried it hollow," i. e. he gained the prize with- 
out difficulty, as Skinner remarks, " luculenter vicit, 
he carried it wholly, whole, and all^ a Tevt. hell, clarus." 
Qu. by halloo or acclamation. 

Holy-staan, A stone with a natural hole in it, which was fre- 
quently suspended by a string from the roof of a cowhouse, 
or from the tester of a bed, as an infallible prevention of 
injury from witches. 

Hood-end, Corners near the fire, either stone or iron. 

Hook seams, \ Hooks or pannier to carry turf or lead, &c. now 

Hotts, J obsolete. 

Hoons, \ 111 treats, oppresses. A. S. hean, poor, common sub- 

Hoins, j jects of ill usage. Qu. From the old French honi^ 
per Metathesin. 

Hooze, Difficulty of breathing. Isl. hoese. 

Hoppit, 1 A basket. 

Poppit, ) 2. An indulged child. 

Hopple, To tie the legs; from Lat. copulare quod pedes copulat. 
Skinner. 

Horses, " They do not put up their horses togither," i.e. they 
are not on friendly terms. 

Hoste, Hoarseness. Isl. hooste, tussis. 

Hotch, To go lame. 

Hottel, An iron rod heated, to burn with. 

Hotter in, \ B ji m g 9 raging with passion. Germ, hader-en, 

Hetterin, ) 

Hotts, Water Porridge. 

Hough, The noise occasioned by exertion in giving a blow. — 
Germ, hauchhalitns. 

HouUhampers, Hollow or hungry bellies, houl, hollow, and ham- 
per, a basket, the stomach is sometimes called bread-basket. 

Houpy, A horse. 

House-steeod, The kitchen, generally inhabited by the farmer 
and his family. 

Hoven, To swell, to puff up. Dan* hover, elevare. 

Hovver, To tarry, to hover. 

Howgait, Hollow gait or way, hence the name of Holgate is 
derived. 

Howsomivver, However. 

Hoyty-toyty, A haughty, flighty person. 

HubUesho, A state of confusion. Teut. hobbel-en, inglomerai e 
et schowe spectaculum. 

Huddle,! To em brace. Teut. kudden. 
Cuddle, J 
Huer, Hair. 
Hug-, To carry. 

2. To clasp in the arms, to fondle. Isl. hugga cotisolor. — 
Belg. hugghen. 
Hug-baan, Hip bone. 

Huggans, Hips, from A. S. hogan, bearer or supporters of the 
body. Belg. huckende. 



85 



Hugger-mugger, \ Clandestinely. Su. G. miug, secretus et 
Hudge-mud^e, J Teut. huggher observator. 
Hulking-Fellow A clumsy fellow. 
Hull, A hovel. 

2. The husk of nuts. Goth, hulgan, to cover. Isl. hulde. 
Hullet, An owl, diminutive from A. S. hult, owlette. 
Hummeld, A cow without horns. L AT »humilis. Su.G.hamla. 

Hurt-done, Bewitched. 

Hush, To detach minerals from earthy particles, by force of 

water. Belg. hoosen, to let water from a dam. 
Hushto, Hold thy tongue. 
Hurkle, To set up the back, as cattle in tempestuous weather.*— 

Belg. hurcken. 
Huz, Us. 

Hy, Make haste. A. S. higan. 
Hyen, A disease amongst cattle. 
Hyken, \ Pushing with the horn. 
Hypen, J 2. Indirectly censuring. WELSH, hypynt, a push. 



Ice-bone, Rump of beef, probably a corruption from natch bone 

rd, I had. 

Jftle, If thou wilt. 

Illify, To vilify. 

I me, Rime. Isl. hyrm, A. S. hryme. 

Imp, An addition to a bee-hive. Qu. implementum ? Su. G. 

ymp inserere. 
Inbank, Descending or inclining ground. 
Income of the fair, Arrivals the evening preceding the fair. A. S. 

incuman- 
Indifferent, Tolerably, sickly. 
Ing, A marshy; meadow, common in the same sense to the 

Mjeso G. Isl. and Sax. Isl. einge. 
Inkling, A desire. 

2. An imperfect hint. In and callen^ to tell. Teut. i»- 

klincken, to sound within. Skinner. 
Inner and outer mer, Inwards and outwards. 
Insensed, Understand, or to have sense infused into his mind. 
Intack, An inclosure, taken in from a common. 
Iseshackle, Icicle, probably so called, being similar, in dimen- 
sions to the shackle or wrist, 
Isto, Art thou, 
Tth\ In the. 
If I, It will. 
Itten, Eaten* 
Vve, I have, 
Ivin, Ivy. 
Ivry, Every, 



86 



Jack, To beat. Belg. jacken. 

Jack-a-dandy, A little impertinent fellow, from jack and Teut. 

dant-en, incptire. 
Jack-a-legs, A large pocket knife, from Jaques de Liege, the 

name of a famous cutler. Dr. Jamieson. 
Jaumb, The partitions of a window, &c. Fa. jambe. Sp. 

jambar. 
Jaunus, Jaundice. 
Jaupen, Large, spacious. 
Javver.l ~ 
Jabber, j bourse. 

Jerkin, A waistcoat, " I'll fettle thy jerkin," I'll beat thee. 
Jvss (* To creak. Germ, geigan fricare. 
Jill, Half a pint. 
Jimmers, Hinges. 
Jimmy, Neat, smart, from gimp. Welsh, gwymp. 

tzi'Sr m } a iar « e fly ' ais ° Harry ion ^ ie s s - 

Jist, Cattle taken to depasture, from agist. 



JoV 'f To shake. Teut. schockelen. 

Joseph, An aniient riding habit, with buttons down to the skirts, 

Jouts, Dashes, corruption of jolt, 

Joup, To dash or shake. Belg. zwalp, a flash of water. 

Jowel, The pier of a bridge. Qu. Jowl or jaw. Fr. jou&~ 

Sc. jowls. 
Jumblement, Confusion. 
Jump, Short, compact. 
Jumper, A miner's auger. 
Jumps, A child's leathern frock. Fn.jupe, 
Jump-with, To meet with accidentally. 

2. To coincide. Cooper. 
Jurden, Chamber pot. A. S. cor, sordts, and den, receptaculum 
Just-now, Immediately, 

K 

Kaam, A comb. Sc. kaim. 

Kale, Broth. Isl. kaal, olus. 

Karl-cat, A male cat. Belg, kaerU, A husband. A. S. cearh 

Kazzardly, Hazardous. 

Kea, Go. 

Keal, Cold. A. S. ccelan. 

Keckahoop, 1 Proud, elated. Fr. coque-a-hupe, cock with a Crest, 

Cockahoop, J Blount. 

Keeker, Squeamish. 

Keckled, Laughed violently. Belg. kichelen or keckeru 

Kedge, To fill, " kedge thy kyte." 

Kedgc-belly, A large, protuberant body. 



87 



Kefe } ^° C00l# A§ S * Ccelaiu 

Keive, To heave up, or overthrow the cart. 

Keisty, Difficult to please in diet. Belg. kies-etigh* 

Keld, A well. Kealkeld^ a cold well. 

Kelk, A blow. 

2. Large detached stones. 
Kell, A cell, " a swirrel kell." 
Kelps ) Iron hooks from which boilers are hung. 
Kern, To comb. Isl. kenibe. 
Kemmin, Combing. 

Kemps, Coarse fibres of wool. Belg. kemp, hemp* 
Kens, Knows. Belg. kennen. Isl. kann. 

rl^warl'd 1 Blemished, or a mark by which any thing may be 

KeZpeck^d, J distinguished from ken, to know and mark. 

Keps, Catches. A. S. kepan. Lat. captare. 

Kern, Churn, "kirn-milk." 

Kersen, To christen. Belg. kersten. 

Kersmas^ Christmas. 

Ket, Carrion. Teut. kaet, sordes, 

Ketlock, Wild turnip, charlock. 

Ketty, Worthless, from kaet. 

jrfl } An awkward, heavy person. Welsh. kefyU 

Kex, Hemlock. Isl. queck. Todd. 

Kicksha, A proud, vain person. F. quelques choses 

Kid, A bundle of heath or twigs. 

Kilt, To tuck up, " shoe kilts her gown." 

Kin, 1 Escars or chops in the skin occasioned by the frosts 

Kinnings, J Qu. skin-in. SaX. sckinden, to flay off. 

Kinken, Breathing with difficulty. Teut. kink-en* hence 

kink-cough. 
Kinkt, To whoop, through laughter. 
Kipper, Lively. 
Kirk-maister, Churchwarden. 
Kirk-garth, Church yard. 
Kist, A chest. Welsh, cist. 
Kit, Milking pail. Belg. kitte. 

Kit, All, " the whole kit," whether applied to persons or things. 
Kittle, To itch, tickle. Belg. ketelen. 

2. Difficult. 

3, Nicely poised, " t' trones are feaful kittle." 
Kittle, To bring forth kitlins, alias kittens. 
Kitty, Christopher. 

Kizzened, Parched. Isl. gizen, hisco. 

Klick, To catch. Git. klepto. 

Klick-hooks, these large hooks were used to catch salmon in the 
day time. When the fisherman had observed a salmon 
red where they deposited the roe, he placed these barbed 
hooks. He then ascended a tree, if a convenient one 
should be found growing on the bank of the river, and 
there anxiously waited, and frequently many hours. The 



88 



line Was fixed to a long pole which the fisherman pulled up 
with great violence so soon as he had observed, from his 
elevated station, that the hooks were likely to effect his 
purpose, which they frequently did by piercing the belly 
of the salmon. In this manner many were caught, though 
being out of season, were of little value. 

Knamiy Known. 

Knaant, Know not. 

Knacky To speak affectedly. 
2. A habit. 

Knaff, Nave. 

Knague, To gnaw. Belg. knagen. 

Kneeaf, fist. Isl. nefi. Su. G. knaef. 

Knodden, p. p. of knead. 

Knowl, To toll. 

Kmpe } T <> hite easily. Teut. knablelin. 

Knick-knacks , Trifling toys. 

Kroncken, Perched. 

Kye, Cows, 

Kylle, A kiln. Cooper. 

Kyte, Belly. Gr. kutos. Isl. kwidr* 

L 

Laad, Load. 
Laaf, Loaf. A. S. hlaf. 

Laced-tea, Tea mixed with spirits, probably braced. 
Laches, Boggy places. Sc. tayche,low in situation. Dak. laag, 
vallis. 

Lakins 1 Play tmn S s > to y s# Germ, laichen. 

Lack-a-day, alas the day ! 

Laddie, A little boy. 

Lafter, As many eggs as a hen will lay before she incubates.— 

Teut. legh-tyd, the time of laying* 
Lag, The narrow boards of a barrel. 
Laitch, To be idle. 

Lathe^ i A Darn * Chauc. from lade, according to Skinner. 

Laithe, Loath, unwilling. 

Lake, To play. IVLesog. laikan, to exult. Su. G. lek. 

Lake, To be costive. 

Lam, 1 To beat. Belg. lamen. Isl. lem. Not from Dr. 

Lamme,J Lambe, as asserted by the Author of Peveril, Vol. 

IV. p. 152. 
Lamb-sucklings, Flowers of clover. 

Lanein, Secresy. A. S. leanne. Belg. lieninge. Gr. lanthanein* 
Lang, Long. Isl. langur, 
Lang, owing to. 
Lang, Desirous. 
Lang-avizzed, Long visaged. 
Lang-settle, A long oaken chair.) resembling a sofa, from long 

and Dan. satteL 



89 



Lang~streak*d, To be stretched ? t full length. A. S. sirecan, to 

expand. 
Lant, Urine. A> S. hlann, lotio, Isl. hland. 
Lant, To beggar. 
Lap-up, To give up, to relinquish. 
Lashin, Combing. 

Lash-out, To kick, " he lash'd out baath fit." 
Late, To seek. A. S. ladian, to call, originally M^so G. 
Latt, Late. 
Latt, Lath. 

Launder, A channel cut in stone for the flow of water. 
Lavrock, A lark. A. S. laverk. Belg. lawerick* 
Layer, 1 A stratum. Mjeso G. ligger. 
Lair, J 2. A slice from the breast of a fowl. 
Lead, Ilq carry, " we er boun to lead hay." 
Leather, To beat. 
Leather -head, A Blockhead, 
LeatJiewake, Supple in the joints. Goth, litha, a limb, and 

wace, pliable. 
Leave-hod. Let me go. 
Leaver, Rather. Belg. liever, A. S. leofer. Coverdale. 

leyfer. Minshew, Ueffer. Cooper. 
Leek, To leak. Belg. taken, Isl. lek. 
Leck-on, To put water on malt. 
Ledder, Ladder. 

Leddy, Lady, " by t' leddy," probably by the Holy Virgin. 
Lee, A lie. 
Lee with a latchet, A notorious lie. A. S. leogan, 

ts That's a lie with a latchet, 

Au the dogs iu the town cannot match it." Ray's Prov. 
See Nares' Glossary. 

Leet, To fall out, to happen. 

Leet, Alight. 

Leetens, Pretends. Belg. lijden. Su. G. laat-as. Isl. ket, 

similo. 
Leet-on, To meet with. 
Leets, Lungs. 2. Windows. 
Leetsome, Light, comfortable* 
Leetsomer, c^d. 
Leg, " To mack a leg," is, to make a bow, in doing which it 

was formerly the custom to kick the leg backwards. 
Leggeren, A layer. A. S. leegan. Belg. legger. 
Leister, A prong or trident to strike fish with. Su. G. luistra. 
Len, Lend. 

Let-leet, To let in light, to shoot. 
Ley-breck, Sward once ploughed up or broken. 
Lib, To castrate. Belg. lubben. 
Lick, To beat. Su. G. laegga, ferire* 
Lickens, Appears or pretends. 
Lickly, Likely. 
Lick-spittle, A toad-eater, a parasite. 



JLicfc-spittie, A toad-eater, a parasite. 

l!yds 1 A wa ^ A ' S# lyderlt Belg " l V de > 
I 



90 



Lift, Assistance, " I'll githe a lift." 
Lig, To lie down. . M.M8. G. liggan. Isl. Ugg* 
Lig-a-lame, To maim. 
Liggett, laying out. 
Lig-tooH, To exert. 
Like, Must, " thou's like to doot." 
Like, A mere expletive, eigh-like. 
Like, " At iv'ry like," on every occasion or opportunity. 
Likein^ Appearance, condition* 
2. Pleasure. A. S. lieung. 
Lite, Little. 

Lill, To assuage pain. Lat. lallare, to lull asleep. 
Lilly -low, A brignt flame. Su. G. loga,flarnma. 
Lilt, To jerk, to rise in the gait or song. Teut. lullen. 
Limmers, Shafts of a cart. Isl. lim,plur, lemar, ramiarborum* 
Lin, Lime tree. Bible, linden, Teut. 
Lin, Linen. 

Lingcollins, Burnt heath, probably Mng«coalings. 
Lined, Drunk, "he's weel lined." 
Lingy, Limber, tall, flexible. Belg. ling-en. 
Lipp^m, To guess, to expect, to depend on. Mjes. G. lauljan 

credere. Dr. Jamie son. 
Lish, Active. 

Lists, The flanks. Welsh, per Metathesis, ystlys. 
Lissom, Supple, active. 
Lite, To depend on. 

Lithe, mild, blythe. A. S. hlithe, tranquil. Git. leios, smooth* 
Lither, Idle. A. S. lidth, liedh, gentle. 

Lithing, The thickening of liquors. Wel^h, lleithion, liquide- 
Liver, To deliver. Belg. lever en, f 

Loan, "1 
Loin, >A lane* 
Lonein,j 

Local, A local preacher amongst the Methodists. Lat. localis. 
Lock, " He's at lock," he is in difficulties. 
Locker, Entangled, capillus contortus. 1st., lock-r, Jamieson* 
Locker, A cupboard. 
Loffer, Lower- 

LoLop, 1 rp Q wa jk j n an undulating motion or heavily. 

Lomper, J ° * 

Long, Owing to. 

Lonks, Lancashire sheep. 

Look, No one can foresee or tell. " God knows, I know not." 

Long-lawrence, When a person is idle, Long-lawrence is said 

u to get hod on him." Who or what this personage is, J 

cannot discover. 
top, A flea. A. S. loppe* 
Lopper~eared, A horse with long flabby ears. 
Lopper *d, Curdled milk, &c. Isl. hlaup. 
Loukin, Weeding. Belg. loock. Gaelic. 
Loup, To leap. Isl. hlaup, cursus* 
J,oupin, Leaping. 

. Loose-, out of service* 



91 



Louse-Vth-heft, A disorderly person, a loose-Made. 

Lover^ A chimney. Fr. Vouverte, an opening. The chimney 

formerly consisted of an aperture made in the roof. 
Low, A flame. Isl. loge, 
Lowin, Granting, allowing. 
Lowse, Loose. 

Lugged, Pulled by the ears or hair. 
Luggin, Bringing or pulling. Su. G, lugga. 
Lugs, Ears. 
Lum, A deep pool. 

Lumping, Great, " a lumping pennorth." Grose. 
Lurdane, An idle fellow, a Lord-dane. 
Lustyish, Rather fat and stout. 
Lutho, Look thou. 
Luthobut, Only look. 

M 

Mah, To mow. A, S. may an* Teut. mahen. BLOUNT. 
Maad, Made. 

Mmkylj Proud > upstart, maggoty. Teut. machtigh. 

Maar, More. 

Mack, Kind, sort, v. to make. 

Mack-boud, Venture or take the liberty. 

Mackshift, That which is used but in cases of necessity. 

Mack-weight, A small candle. 

Madder, Pus or suppurating matter. WELbH, madredd, puru« 
lent matter. The Craven pronunciation is much more 
appropriate than that ki common use. The etymon also is 
preferable to the Fr. mature, as given by Dr, Johnson. 

Maddles, wanders, forgets, confounds. 

Main, Most. 

2. Might. A. S. maegen, " I'll doo't wi' au my might and 
main." Isl. magt, potentia, and Isl. ma-gn* vires* 

Maist-what, Generally* 

Mander, Manner. 

Manny-folds, Intestines, from many folds* Sc. moniphes. 

Mantle-stone, The stone over the fire place. It. mautella*— 

MlNSHEW. 

Mare, More. 

Mareower, 1 ** MAMrM 

Mareoweriner-that, ] Moreover * 

Marrow, Like, equal. Belg. marrcn, to bind or link togethe 

Heb. maro, a companion. Nares. 
Marrow-bones <> The knees, M I'll bring him down on his marrow 

bones," L e. I'll make him bend his knees as he does to 

the Virgin Mary. Brand's Pop. Antiq. Vol. I. p. 43. 
Marry, An interjection, a corruption from Virgin Mary.— 

" Marry come up." 

I 2 



92 



Martin, When a cow produces two calves, one a male and the 
other a female, the female is styled a free Martin, which, 
it is said, never breeds. In Scotland a cow or ox which is 
fattened, is called a mart. Hence probably the term 
originated. The female, not fit for breeding, was free or 
at liberty for fattening. 

Martlemas, Martinmas. 

Mash^ Confusion. 

Mash, 1 To crush. 

Mush, J 2. Any thing decayed or soft. 

Masker' d, 1 Decayed. Belg. maschel, a blemish, probably 

Moskard, J from moss and arr, an escar, wood in a decayed 
state, being frequently covered with moss. It. marcire, 
to rot. 

Maslin, 1 Mixed corn. Old French, mesle. Teut. mas- 

Mastlegin,} teluyn, farrago. Dr. Jamieson. 

SSU Headstrong ' imperious - 

Matter, To approve of. 

Matters, " Naa girt matters," nothing extraordinary or to boast 

of. 
Mauks, Maggots. Su. G. malk. 
Maum, Mellow. Su. G. mogn-a. Dr Jamieson. 
Maunder, To ponder or wander about, in a thoughtful manner. 
Maundful, A basket- full. A. S. mand* 
Maut, Malt, in the pronunciation of the Craven dialect the sound 

of the letter I is generally omitted, as saut, maut,faut, &c. 
Mawments, Trifles. 
Mawn, Mown. 
Mazed, Amazed, astonished. 

2. Giddy, stupified. 
Meal, As much milk as a cow will give at once. " Shoe gees 

neen quarts at a meal." 
Meaned, Bemoaned. 
Meaverley, Mild, gentle. 
Mebby, Probably, it may be. 
Meos-pot, A mess-pot. Germ, massa. Belg. moes, potage.— 

Welsh, mes, a portion. 
Meer-stones, Stones put up to divide property. Gr. meiro, divido. 
Meeterly, Tolerably well. 
Melder, As much oats as can be made into a meal at once.— 

Germ, mehlder. 
Mell, A mallet. 

Mell^ To meddle. Teut. melli, conjungu Fr. meter. 
Mence, Decency. Isl. menska. 

Menceful, Becoming, decent. A. S. mennise, polite, civil. 
Mend's, Reparation or allowance, from amendr. 
Meon'cl, moaned, a reflected verb. 
Mer, An expletive. 
Men y -begotten, An illegitimate child. 
Merry-making, A feast or festival. 
Merrytotter, A swing. Skinner, meritot, oscillatio, from Fr* 

virer and tost, celeriter. 



93 



" What eylitt you, some gay girl, God it wote 
Hath brought in you thus on the meritote." 

Chauc. vid. Watson's Halifax. 

Meskins, By the mass. 

Mess, The number of four at an entertainment at an Inn. When 

a stipulation was made for a large party at a certain price 

per mess. 
Mesur, Measure. Welsh, mesur. 
Met, Measure. A. S. mitta. 

Much } Wonderful - " It's mit <* they dunnot come. 5 ' 
Mich-whaU Much the same, as usual. 
Mickle, Much, u monny a little macks a mickle." 
Midden-pant, The receptacle from the cow house. Welsh, pant*, 

a hollow. 
Midden-steead, Place for the dung. A. S. midding. IsL. modig. 
Midge, A small gnat. 
Midlin, Tolerably well. 
Mighty, Very, " mighty fine." 
Mihilmas, Michaelmas. 

Milker, A cow that gives milk, " shoe's a feaful good milker." 
Milkness, Produce of the dairy. 
MUkus, Milk-house, dairy. 
Millner, Miller. 
Minds, Observes. 
Mind, To remember. Dajt, minde. 

SJ DMk - i«>-«f* 

M'xrtle, To waste away. In Ray smartle. 
Misbehodden, Offensive. A. S. miss and behealden, 
Mislin, Misty, small rain. Belg. mieselen. 
Mislippen'd, Disappointed. Belg. mislucken'd. 
Mista, A cow-house, milk-stalj. Belg. misten, dung. 
Mistetched, Mistaught. 
Miswonted, Tender, 

2. One that has bad habits. 
Mitch, Much. 

Mixen, A dung-hill. A. S. mixen. 
Moats, " To play the moats," is to be much incensed. Qu. 

motus, agitation. 
Mog, To move. 

Moider'd, Confused, distracted. 
Moil, To labour. 
Monny, Many. A. S. moneg. 
Moo, Mow. 
Moon-light-flit, Is when a cottager during the night, remove 

his furniture from the premises, in order to defraud the 

owner of his rent. 
Moon-shine, A mere pretence, an illusive shadow. 
Moored, Inflicted with a disease in which cattle make bloody 

urine, called also blend water. 
Moppet, A term of endearment, addressed to a child. 
Mortal, Exceeding, very. 

I 3 



94 



Moss, A peat bog. S, G. mossa, locus uliginosus* Jamieson. 
Moss-crop, Cotton rush. 

Mother, 1 White filament in liquor. "Lat, amurca, Cooperus. 
Mothery^S Vid. caned. Belg, modder, moeyer, dregs. 
Moude-warp, A mole, Belg. muyl, mold and werp, to cast up. 

Dan. muldwarp. 
Moud-hill, Mole-hilh 

Mouter, Mulctu re for grinding. Lat. mulcta. Fr. moudre, 
Mouter,! To crumble, to fall in pieces. Belg. mutsen, to 
Mirtle, J curtail, 
Muyled, Tumbled. 
Muck- cheap, As cheap as dirt. 

Muck-heap, A very dirty person, " a girt muck heap.**' 
Muck-midden, A dung hill. 
Muck-midden-breward, Upstarts. 
Mud, Might. 

Muffeties, Small muffs or mittens, about the wrists. 
Mugged, Without horns. 

Muggy, Moist. Lat. mollis. Teut. moy. Welsh, wvwg. 
Mull, Dust or refuse of turf or peat. Belg. mul. Isl. mil, 

quod habet prcet : mulde. 
Mummers, Morris dancers. Belg. mommer, a masker. 
Mun, An expletive, applied to male or female, "eigh, mun, 

thur er sad times." 
Mun, Must. Isl. mun, 

Murl, To fall to pieces. Belg. mul, Isl. moar, 
Murly-grubs, In a bad temper, " he's gitten t' murly grubs.'* 



MS} Halfdrunk ' stupified - 

Mysel, Myself. 
Mynde, To undermine. 

N 

Naa, No. Welsh, na, 
Naa-matters, Not much. 
Naan, Not one, none, not. 

^ r ' J Near. Dan.w^. 

Nab, To catch unexpectedly. Sw. nappa, Todd. 

Nab, The summit of a hill. Isl. gnypa, 

Nack, A habit, a turn for any thing. Grose's Clas. Die. 

Naff, The nave of a wheel. 

Naggen, Gnawing, 

Nail, ct Thou cannot say black's my nail," that is, no blame can 
be imputed to me, Cm% $ u nihil dicas vitii. Ter— 
Cooper. 

Nancy, A Miss*nancy, is an effeminate man. 

Nang-nails, Corns. Isl. naga H rodo, gnawing or painful nails. 

Nctnnkherries, Anberries, tumours or excrescences on animals, 
probably from annulus. 



95 



Nan-pie, 1 A magpie, from mag and Fr. pie. Animals 
Nan-piannot, > which we either pet or laugh at, have usually 
Piannot, J such prcenomina. See in Bewick s birds, the 

various Christian names of the Red- breast. 
Narre, Nearer. 
Narre, To growl like a dog. 
Nate, Neat. 

Natch or 1 The rump bone. Mr. Todd supposes a corruption 
Aitch-bone, J from notch. 
Natty, Neat, " a natty boy," 
Naturable, Natural. 
Naughty -pack, A bad child or person. 
Naunt, Aunt. 

Naup, To strike. Isl. Jcneppe. 
Nay-say, A refusal. 
Neaf, Fist. Isl. knefe. Dan. naeve. 

Neapens, Both hands full. Sw. en naefe, a handful. 

iVe&, Nose. Fr. nez, "he turns up his neb," i. e. is proud. 
2. The handles of a scythe. Isl. nebbe. 

Neck and heels, Topsy-turvy. 

Neen, Nine. 

Neere, Kidney. Belg. nier. Germ, niere* 

Neet, Night. 

Neeze, To sneeze. Belg. niez-en* A. S- nies-an. 

Negre, A hard-hearted, covetous person. Fr. negre, negro. — 
Lat. niger. 

Nept, Ate delicately. Isl. kneppe. 

Ner, Than, nor. 

Nesht, Next. 

Nestle, An unsettled state. 

Nichilled, Castrated, testibus per ligamentum abstractis. Belg. 
nichelen, to pinch. Is not the word stichell in Nares of 
the same signification ? 

Nick, The Devil. 

Nifle, To steal, probably by a metathesis from Mjes. G.nlifim. 

Niffy-naffy^ An insignificant person. Fr. nipes, trifles. 

Nip-up, To move quickly. 
2. To steal. 

Nirl, A knot. 

Noa, No. 

Noaz, Nose. 

Nob, To strike. 

Nobbud, Only, none but. 

Nobson, A blow. 

Nominy* Complimentary verses, addressed to a bride, immedi- 
ately after marriage, by the first boy of the school, who 
expects a present in return. Should she refuse the accus- 
tomed gift, instances have been known, when the young 
petitioners have forcibly taken off the left shoe of the bride. 
Why the left shoe was taken, I am unable to conjecture. 
May not the word Nominy be derived from the Belg. 
noeminge or named, because the bride has just received a 
new name. A. S. nemnan. 



96 



Nookin, The corner. 

Note, 1 The time in which a cow gives milk, without being dried, 

Noit, J from A. S. notigan, to use or enjoy, the time during 

which a cow is useful. The subs, not, note, use. Isl. 

naut, usus sum. 
Nout, Nothing. 
That-a? s-nout, The Devil. 
Noyls, The refuse of wool. Sc. nails. 
Muds, To strike gently. 

Nudge, To press or beckon. Belg. knutschen trudere. 
Numb, Clumsy. 
Nuncle, Uncle. 
Nut, Not. 
Nutmug, Nutmeg. 
Nuzlin, To spend time on trifles. 

2. Covetous. A. S. nedling, an usurer. 



Oast, The curd of cheese. 
Odments* \ <in rar >c 
Ods and ends, J &cra P s - 
Ods-heart, *\ 

otsMfe rtmli ' H ^ f Ex P ressionsofsur P rise > as u God bless me." 
Ods~li-life, J 

Oferley, Girth. 

2. Coverlet or cloak. 

" He folds his o'erlay down his breast wi' eare." 

Gentle Shepherd, Sc. 11. 

Off-at-side, Insane. 

Qfalment, Things of no value. 

Old-peg, Old milk cheese. 

Ollas, Always. 

Omme, Upon me, of me. 

Ommost, Almost. 

Omnium-gatherum, A promiscuous collection. 

On, Of, " I'll mack mich on him," used frequently by Shaksp. 

One, To be at one, is to be consistent, or determined. 

Onely, Lonely. 

Onner, On our. 

Onnum, On them. 

Onny, Any. 

Onny-Ut-like. Tolerable, decent, likely. 

Oon, Oven. 

Orts, Generally refuse of hay left by cattle, ** a barren spirited 

fellow, one that feeds on abject orts" Shaksp. Jul. C^es. 

Act 4, Sc. 1. Lat. ortus. Ir. or da, remains. 
Osse, Offer. 

Ottamy* A skeleton. Sc. attamie. 
OW, On the. 



97 



9>JhZ^l. 1 Otherwise, different. Shaspeare's Twelfth 

Ut/iei guise, > v TfHT <.<. ofrhpfo-jn'tc " 

Other-gaits,) JNIGH1 ' otnergaits. 

Oud, Old. 

Oud-farrand, Frequently applied to children, and denotes, that 

they are wise above their years. Belg. aervaren, skilful. 
2. Decent, respectable. Sw,fara, agere. 
Oud-an, ~\ 

Oud-Harry, F The Devil. Dan. nicken, the Deity of the Wa- 
Oud-nlck, t ters. Todd. 
Oud-scrat, J 
Oud-lang-syne, In respect for former friendship. A. S. longe- 

sitfian. 
Oud.sayd.smj or J An ^ saying> CoopEE , Thesaurt) s . 

Oumer, Umber or grayling. 

Owner, To shadow. Lat. umbra* 

Oore, Ore. Cooperi Thes. 

Onsen, Oxen. Belg. ossen. 

Out, Any thing. 

Out-shot, A lean-to. 

Outcumlins, \ Strangers. Germ, an-komeling. Bailey an$ 

Outners, J Jamie son. 

Outing, Airing, " thouz tackin an outin." 

Outoponner, A term of reproach. 

Out-o't-way, Uncommon, exorbitant. 

Outs^ u To be at outs," is to be at variance, 

Ower, Over. 

Owergang, To overrun. 

Ower gat, Overtook. 

Owertane, Overtaken. 

Owersail, To overhang. 

Owert\ Over the. 

Ower-welted, Overturned. A. S. wealtian. 

Owler, Alder, Teut. holder. 

Ows, Owns. 

Oxter, Armpit. Belg. OckseL Sax. oxtan* Lat. axilla* 



Packman, A pedlar. 

Padfoot, A ghost. Teut. pad, paw, probably the Devil's 

cloven foot. 
Paid, Beat. 

Palaver, To talk scornfully. Span, palabra. Todd. 
Pan, To fit well, to agree. A. S. pan* a piece of cloth inserted 

or agreeing with another. iT.pano. 
Pancake-Tuesday, Shrove Tuesday, when it was customary for 

boys to toss their own pan-cakes. 

«« It was the day whereon both rich and poore 
Are chiefly feasted with the selfsame dish, 
When every paunch, till it can hold no more, 
Is fritter-filTdi as well as heart can wish ; 



98 



And every man and maide doe take their turne 
And tosse their pancakes up for fear they burne, 
And all the kitchen doth with laughter sound 
To see the pancakes fall upon the ground." 

Pasquil's Palinodia, 4to. Lond. 1634. 
See Brand's Pop. Antiq. 

Pantry, Formerly used solely for keeping bread, from Fr. pan- 
eterie, which may now with greater propriety (as it is a 
room appropriated to a variety of articles) be derived irom 
the Greek pan and tereo, a save-all. 

Par, A pair. Isl. par. 

Pares, To impair. 

2. To give a less quantity of milk. A. S. paeran, pejor, 

Parfitlee, Perfectly, almost. 

Parget, To plaster chimnies with a mixture of cow-dung and 
lime, formerly the common term for plastering walls. 

Parkin, Cakes made of oatmeal and treacle. 

Parlous, Perilous. 

Parpoint, A thin wall, the stones of which are built on the edge. 
Fr. pierre-a-point. 

Pasli, A fall of rain or snow. Belg. p las. 

2. A blow or fall with violence, " I fell wi' sike a pash." 

Pashed, Dashed forwards. 

Paupin, Walking awkwardly. 

Paut, To paw. Teut. pad, the paw of a beast. 

Pauky, Proud, arch, cunning. 

Pause, To kick with the foot. Gr. pons. 

Pay, To beat. Gr. paid,, Welsh, pwyaw. Dr. Jamieson. 

PearWd, Perched. 

Pearkers, Perchers, applied to young rooks. 

Peck, A Craven peck or strike is half a Winchester bushel. 

Peddle, Employment. Belg. pegel, 

Peeat, Moorish earth, dried for fuel. Qu. earth from the pit, to 
distinguish it from the Jlah, which is cut from the surface. 
Belg. peck, pitch. Du Cange derives it from Teut. 
petvelput. Lacus. Sw. pota fodere. 

PeeaUpan, A very hard stratum below the peeat, impervious to 
water, and nearly impenetrable by trees, but holding the 
water like a pan. Dr. Jamie son derives the word from 
Teut. calva, the pan or skull of the soil. In Craven, 
the receptacle of the cow-house is called the midding pan 
or pant. 

Pees, Squints. 

Peffin, Troubled with a short cough. 

Pelsy, Cold sleet or rain pelUsy. 

Pennystane, A flat circular stone, used instead of a quoit. Sw. 
pena, flat. 

Perrammle, Circumlocution, preface. 

Per case, If so be. 

Perk, Proud, affected. 

Persavance, Foresight, idea. 

Pet, An indulged child. 

2. A pet or cade lamb. 

3. Offence, from the Fr. despit, as prendre despit^ to take & 
despite. Blount 



99 



Peyl, Noise, peal. 

Peyl, To beat. Belg. pylen. 

Peys, Peas, 

Pick, Emetic. 

2. Diamonds at cards* 

3. Pick-axe. 
Pick, To vomit. 

2. To pitch. 

3. To throw down. 
Pick-pie-ower, To make a somerset. 

Pick-thanks, One desirous of obliging against your wishes • 

Piddle, To walk about doing nothing. 

Pie-bridal, The bride's pie was so essential a dish on the dining 
table, after the celebration of the marriage, that there was 
no prospect of happiness without it. This was always 
made round, with a very strong crust, ornamented with 
various devices. In the middle of it, the grand essential 
was a fat laying-hen, full of eggs, probably intended as an 
emblem of fecundity. It was also garnished with minced 
and sweet meats. It would have been deemed an act of 
neglect or rudeness if any of the party omitted to partake 
of it. It was the etiquette for the bridegroom always to 
wait on this occasion on his bride- Verstegan supposes 
that the term bride-groom took its origin from hence. 

Pie, To make a pie, is to combine, in order to make a lucrative 
contract. 

Pifle, To steal. 

Pig, A piece of lead weighing 123 lbs. See fother. 

Piggin, A small pail 

Pig-headed, Obstinate. Grose. 

Pighul, A pig cote or stye. 

Pig-tail or ) The watching of the pig-tail was a supersti" 

Farthing Candle. J tious ceremony obseryed in Craven, amongst 
many others, on the Eve of St. Mark. On that evenings 
a party of males or females, but never a mixed company, 
place on the floor a lighted pig-tail, for so a small or far- 
thing candle was denominated. This, however, must be 
previously stolen, otherwise, it loses its prognostic effects. 
They then sit down, in solemn silence, and fix their eyes 
attentively on the taper. The doors and cupboards are 
never locked, lest the violent attacks of the evil spirit 
should break them. When it begins to burn blue, the 
person whom they are respectively to marry, will make his 
appearance and walk across the room. 

Pike, To pick. Cooper, u T'rain macks 'em pike 'em." 

Pike, A large cock of hay. 

Pillings, Parings, " potatoe pillings." 

Pinch-gut, A covetous person. 

Pink, To contract the eye, hence pink*eyecL Teut. pinck-° 
ooughen, oculos contrahere. Dr. Jamieson. 

Pitter-patter, To beat incessantly like rain. 

Planets, To fall in planets, is to fall partially. 

Plants, " To water her plants, 5 ' is to shed tears. " Udas facer® 
genas." Cooper* 



LefC. 



100 



Plash, To splash. 

Pleean, To complain. 
Pleean, To tell tales. 
Pleean-pie, A tell-tale. 

" A pleean pie tit 

Thy tongue shall be slit, 

An iv'ry dog i'th' town sail hev a bit. ' 

It is usual to slit the tongues of magpies in order to make 
them articulate. 

Plezzer, Pleasure. 

Plishd, Excoriated. Belg. plecken. Su. G.plaagacruciatus. 

Ploum, A. plum. 

Pols, | Pottage, a mixture of meal and water or milk, from 

Poddish, >■ porrum, a leek. Belg. porreye, scallions. Qu. 

Porridge,) Belg. porren, to move about, as this mixture 
requires constant stirring. 

Pockarr'd, Pits or scars, left by the small-pox. 

Poit, To push with the feet, also to stir the fire. 

Poit, A poker. 

Poked, Consumptive, sheep subject to this disease have generally 
a poke or bag under the jaw. 

Poo, " To poo a craw," is, according to Dr. Johnson, to be 
contentious about what is of no value. In Craven it signi- 
fies to deprive a person of his assumed pretensions, i. e. to 
pluck from the daw his borrowed plumes. 

Pood, Pulled. 

Pope, A pole or effigy, burnt on the fifth of November. 

Posnet, A boiler, apparently misunderstood by Dr. Jamieson, 
whose explanation seems to contradict the quotation ad- 
duced. The derivation given by Skinner is more probable-, 
viz. from the Fr, basinet, a small basin. 

Poss, To dash violently into the water. 

£ M * X A water fall. 
Foss, J 

Possess, To persuade, to cause to believe. 

Post and pan, A building made of wood and piaster in alternate 

divisions. 

Pot-kelps, The moveable handles of an iron pan* 

Pot ; scarrd,\ Potsherd . 

Pot-scar, J 

Potter, To poke, to push. 

2. To do things ineffectually. 

Potticar, An apothecary. 

Poud, Polled, haircut 

Ponk, A pimple. 

Pousement, Trash, any thing of little worth. 

Pow, Head, " Albeit, my pow was bald and bare." Ramsay. 

p^'} Cutting the hair. 

Power, Many, a large sum, the classical vis: "magna vis 
frumentV 



101 



Prankin, Proud, Belg. pronkc 

Prattily, Delicately* 

Prenk, 1 

Prink, J- Pert. 

Pronk,j 

Preythenow, I beg, frequently an expletive* 

Prich, Small beer, thin drink. 

Pride, Fineness, brilliancy. 

2. Furor uterinus equarum. 

p7f g fn' } Coxcomical > affected. Belg. prachten. 

Prim, Spindle tree, euonymus* 

Prize, A purchase, a lever. Fr. prise. 

Prod, A goad. 

2. An iron pin fixed in pattens. Dak. orod. 
Promise, To assure. 

Prossin, Bold, pressing forward. Belg. prossen. 
Proud, Luxuriant, " corn's vara proud." 
Pubble, Fat. 
Pulin, Crying. 
Punch, Short, fat. 
Punch, To kick with the feet. 
Pund, Pound. Welsh, punt. 
Purely, Quite well. 

Purtenance, The pluck of an animal. JOHNSON". 
Put, To impose. 

2. To push with the horns. Welsh, plot. 
Puther, Pewter. 
Putre, To cry, from pule. 
Puzzum, Poison. 
Puzzumful, Poisonous. 
Pytche, A bee-hive. 



Quandary, A difficulty. Fr. qu'en dirai je, Skinner. 
Quarrel, A square of glass. Fr. quarre* 
Queer, Quire or choir of a church. 

2. Quire of paper. 
Querkned, Suffocated. Lat. snffocatus. Holyoke. 
Quite, Much, as " quite warse," much worse. 

R 

Raad, Rode. 
Raap, Rope. 

Grfath*} In S ood heart - Q u - ff rad 9 order - 

Rabbit, Prevent, a prayer, " as may God prevent or rebut it." 

Welsh, rhabri, to check. 
Rabble, To speak in a confused manner. Teut. rabbelen , garire* 
Rack, The clouds, or the track in which they move. 

2. The mist. A. S. rec, vapour. 
Backless, thoughtless. Teut. ruchlose* 
K 



102 

Rack-oHh~ee, To determine solely by the eye, without measure 

or line, from reacd, or $u. G. rana. 
Raddle, To weave. 

Ratbingl } The windin S or crookedness of a wall. 

Rag, Mist, reck, " rack in the sky," all originally from A. S* 

rec. Isl. pregg. 
Rag, The catkins of hazlcs, hazle rag. 
Ragenus, In rage, or excessive pain. 

ufSalT^ I VilIain > ra S£ ald corruption of rake-hell, or Isl. 

Ragga-muffin, \ ra ^ a va S abond - Fr - racaiUe, dregs. 

Raitch, A small longitudinal mark or scratch. 

Rake-stele, The handle of a rake, from rake, and Belg. rfefe* 

Rallakin, " Romping or racketting." 

J?«m, foetid, " hees as ram as a fox." 

Ram, acrid, pungent. Isl. rammur. 

Rams, ) WUd nk 

Ramps, j & 

Ramile, Underwood, twigs. Qu. Lat. ramulus. 

Rampin and reavhi, Attempting to obtain by violence. Belg» 

rampen, to curse, rife, toil. 
Random, To be in a straight line or direction, " let ya fence 

random wi 7 tother. Su. G rand linea. 
Rank^ Close, plentiful. 
Ranmlhauk, The beam across the chimney on which boilers are 

hung ; very probably it has been made of the rantree, to 

keep off witches, rantree-bauk. 
Ranty-tanty, In great wrath. 
Raps, News. 

2. A disorderly boasting person. Isl. raup, jactantia. 
Rasher, A slice. Lat. rasura lardi. 
Rasps, Both bush and fruit. 
Ratch, To retch, to vomit. 

2. To stretch. 
Rate, To expose timber to the weather, also cattle. 

2. To rate with unkind words, to chide, incessere aliguem* 

Cooper. Isl. reita. 
Ratlers, Lies, " that's a ratler," i. e. it is an abominable false- 

hood, 
Rattan, A rate 
Raty, Cold, tempestuous. 
Rank, To scratch. 

Raumin, Grasping, stretching, Belg. ramen. 
Raun, Roe or eggs of fish. Dan, raun. 
Raut, To bellow. Isl. hrioitu 

Rawhead, The Devil, perhaps the Scottish kelpie, M Oud Nick." 
Ray, A diarrhea. Gr. reo, Jluo. 

Rayne,lA ridge. A. S, reonnan, Belg. reyn, a bound or 
Reean, J limit. 

Reach, To vomit. It, recere. Blount. 
Reacked, Reached, arrived. A. S. areccan^ a$seq%U 
Read. To guess, Belg. raaden, to guess, '' 



103 



Beam, Cream. 

Rearing, The act of laying timber on the roof. 

Reasts, Is restive. It. restio, stubborn, resto. Mixshew. 

Recklin, The smallest animal of a litter or farrow, from wreck, 

or Belg. raeckclen, to rake up. 
Reckon, An iron bar over the fire, to support boilers exposed to 

the smoke, hence reek-on. 
Redshanks, Persicaria. 
Ree, To put. corn through a sieve. Gr. red. 
Reed, Angry. A. S. rede, sever ns. Belg, wreede. Isl. reide. 
Reef, A cutaneous eruption, scald head alias scaled head. A. S. 

hreqf. 
Reek, Family. A. S. reced, damns. 
Reeks, Smokes. A. S. recan, to smoke. 

2. Tempestuous, " it reeks and blaws." 
Rects, Carpenters, wrights. Belg. radt-maker, a wheelwright. 

A. S. whryta, a workman. 
Reeve, To talk inconsistently. Teut. reven, dclirare* " He 

ramps and reeves. 9 ' 
Ree zed, Rancid. 

Retght-an-end, Upright, "I sat reight an end i' bed. 
Remlin, A remnant. 
Rcmman, To beat. A. S. fireman, to bewail. Isl. hreme^ tin- 

guibiis rapio. 
Reach, To rinse. 
Rend, To melt tallow. 

fif£!r"Jtf bble ' } Disorderly people. Lat. rapere. Belg. rallelen. 

Rid, To remove. 

2. To be quick, to prepare. 
Rid, \ A hollow place in the gravel, where salmon deposit their 
R''d, j roe, from redde, spawn. Dr. Jamieson. 

Riddle* A coarse sieve. A. S. hriddel. Welsh. rhidylL 
Rifted', Belched. 
Rigbaan, Backbone. 

Rigged, \ When a sheep is laid on his back, he is said to be 

Owcr -welted, J rigged or ower- welted. 

Riggin, The ridge. 

2. " To run the rig," is to banter. Fr. rigoler. Todd. 
Riggold oil A ridgel, quasi, rig-hold. Dr. Whitaker Hist. 
Riggot, J Craven, p. 293, and also Mr. Todd. This 

is applicable to bulls and horses, as well as to sheep. 
Rine, Skin. A. S. rind, bark. 
Rise, Twigs, underwood. Isl. hriisa. Belg. rijs* Welsh, 

prys. Sc. rnska. 
Rist, Rest. 

Roak, Mist. Belg. roock. Teut. rook, vapour. 
Roapy, Glutinous, stringy, applied to liquors, from rope* 
Rockin, Shaking. • 

Roggan, A rocking stone. Teut. rucken, cedere. 
Roody, Coarse, luxuriant. A. S. roed. 

Roopy, Hoarse, M^es. G. hropgan. "The bishop's looped 
like ravens." Sc t 

K % 



104 



Root-welted, Torn up by the roots. A. S. wealtian. 

RosstUed, Decayed, from rot and cell, eaten into cavities or cell* 
by the rot, hence a ros&elled apple. 

Rosinned, Drunk, hi he wor purely rosinned." 

Rough, Tempestuous, " rough weather." 

Rouk, A quantity. 

Roum, In the place or room of, instead. 

Roumy, Spacious. Teut. ruym. 

Round, A rand of beef. 

Rowell, Seton. Fr. rouelle. Todd. 

Rowks, Wanders. 

Roy, To domineer. Fr. rot, 

Royne-tree, ^ Mountain-ash, sorbus aucuparia. Linn. Dan. 

Roan-tree, j ronne. A tree of wonderful efficacy in de- 

Rantree, f priving witches of their infernal power : and 

Whicken, f she was accounted a very thoughtless house- 

Wigan, t wife, who had not the precaution to provide a 

Witch Hazle, J churn-staff made of this wood. When thus 
guarded, no witch had the audacity to enter. Sometimes 
a small piece of it was suspended from the button-hole, 
which had no less efficacy in defending the traveller.— 
May not the sailor's wife, in Macbeth, have confided in 
the divine aid of this tree, when she triumphantly ex- 
claimed, "aroynt thee," (alias) a " myn-tree ! !" With the 
aid of this, (pointing at the royn-tree in her hand) I defy 
" thy infernal power." The event evidently proves her 
security. For the witch, having no power over her, tho' 
present, indignantly and spitefully resolves to persecute 
ner inoffensive husband, who was on a voyage to Aleppo. 

Ruck, \ A heap of stones. A. S. wrigan, to cover. Isl. hruga, 

Ruckle, J cumulus. 

Ruinated, Ruined. 

Rumbustical, Noisy, overbearing. 

Rum-gumptious, Forward and pompous, rum, queer, and gumjt* 
Hon, knowledge. Isl. gaum. Todd. 

Rumling, rumbling. Teut. rommelen. 

Running o'tft* hurl. Qu. Whirl, running about idly. 

Runnle-balk, A beam across the chimney, whence the hooks are 
suspended. 

Runs thin, Runs off his bargain. 

Runt, A Scotch ox. 

2. A person of a strong, though low stature, BELG. rund, 
a bullock. 

Run-the-rig, Is to make a butt of a person. 

Rush-bearing, A feast or wake. On the eve of the saint, to 
whom' the church was dedicated, it was usual for the pa- 
rishioners to carry a quantity or rushes, with which to strew 
the floors of the churches or chapels, which were formerly 
nothing but common earth. Garlands of flowers were also 
carried at the same time and hung up, till the next yearly 
festival. This ascient custom is now become nearly 
obsolete* 



105 



Buttles^ A noise occasioned by a difficulty of breathing. Belg. 

rotelen, to grunt. 
Hype, To break up, to investigate. A. $. hripan. 



Sa, Saw. 

Saa, To sow. 

Saaf, Safe. 

Saap, Soap. Sc. saip. 

Soar, Sore. Teut. sehr. Isl. saar. 

Stckless, Forlorn, foolish, quiet. A. S. sacleas, quiet. 
Said, Deterred, influenced. 

Sag, To bend or oppress. Welsh, aswasgu, per Metathesin, 
to over press. Is. sweigia. 

" The heart, I fear, shall never sag with doubt." 

Macbeth, Act 5, Sc. 1. 

Sogers, Sawyers. Belg. zager. A. S. sage. 
Salt-pie, A box containing salt. 

2. A lean-to. 
Sam, To collect together. A.S. samnian. Belg. tsamen, Su. 

G. samla, used by Spencer. 
Same, Fat, swine same. Brit. saim. Heb. shamen. AiNS- 

worth, seam. 
Same-like, In like manner. 
Sanded, Bad of sight, short sighted. 
Sang, A song. A. S. sang. 
Sap-scull, A foolish fellow. 
Sark) Shift. A. S. scyre, a covering. The Danes called the 

surplice messe-sarke, The Scotch the sarke of G ■ , see 

Border Minstrelsy. 
Sarraed, Served. 

Saugh, Willow or sallow. W. saelgh. Fr. saule. 
Saur, Urine, from cow-houses, &c. Sc. saur^ to savour. Isl. 

saur, sordes. 
Saut, Salt. 
Siut, Heat, applied to a bitch, probably a corruption of the Fr. 

chande. 
Sauve, Salve. 
Say, Authority, influence. 

Scad die, Wild, frisky. A. S, sceagan, to shake. 
Scqffivi, Working hard to obtain a livelihood. 
Scaggle, Timid, see scaddle. 
Scale, A hill of steep ascent. It. scalare^per scala§ ascender e.—* 

Hence the term of scaling the town. 
Scallion, A th^ck necked onion. Belg. schael, a husk or shell 

and onim, schalonien. 
Scallops, An awkward wench. 
Scantish, Scarce. 
Scantly, Scarcely. Coop. Thes. 
Scap, To escape* 

K 3 



106 

Scar, A precipice. Su. G. scare. 
Scar, To frighten. It. scarare. 
Scard, A shard. Todd, A. S. sceard. 

Shorn } Dun S- A# S * scearn * I SL » skarn, 

Scarse, Scarce. 

Scaumy, Clear, gaudy. A. S. scamiaiu 

Scaup, Scalp. Belg. schelpe. 

Scaupy, A bare place of stony ground, from scalp, see Dr. 

Jamieson. 
Scotch-hop, A child's game, in which a flat stone was driven over 

particular marks by the foot of a boy, hopping. See 

Strutt's Pastimes. 

Haster f As ^ reen ' Belg. schantse,propugnaculum, 

Scopperil, A species of tee-totum, a toy. 

Scout, A high rock or hill. Teut. schowwt, Lat. speculator, 

Todd, Hence is derived the modern word scout. 
Scraffle, To quarrel. 

2. To scramble. 

3. To be industrious. Belg. schraffen, 

oTscratt, } The Devil - Dan - *"*>> demon. 

Scratt, The itch, from scratch. 

Scroti, To scratch. 

Scrivener, A writing master. Belg. schrijer, Isl. skrifare, 

scriba. 
Scroggs, Stunted bushes or trees. 

v C /° g £I? 1 Ful * o f stunted bushes, thorns, &c. A. S. scroo* 
Scruggy, j ' 5 

Scrycd, To descry, to observe. 

Scrymmage, A skirmish. Sc. 

Sctiffle, To scramble. 

Scuff", Nape of the neck. 

Scugg, A sheltered place. Isl. scugge, umbra, 

Scutter^d, Ran about- Gr. skirtao. It. squittare. 

Shoute or \ A hill, hence Shoute or Shote Bank, near Skipton, 

Scout, J commanding an extensive prospect, mons specu* 

latorius, vid. scout. 
Seal, To fasten cattle in their stalls. Su.G. sele, a collar or 

yoke. 
Seaves, Rushes. 

2. Pith of the rush dipped in tallow, and used as candles. 
Seavy, Rushy. 
Seconds, Coarse flour* 
Seea, So. 

Seeabetide, If so be. 
Seed, Saw. 

Seed-bird, Water-wagtail. 
Seed-maund, A basket for sowing corn. 
Seek, Sick. A. S. seok- 

Scet, Many, quantity, " there wor a seet on 'em,'* from sight, 
Seg, A castrated bull. A. S. seeg, 
Segs, Iris, sedge. A. S. seeg. 



107 



Seld, Sold. Isl. selde, vendidi. 

Sell, Self. 

Selvidge. The edge of cloth, "derived not from salvage, from 

saving the cloth, according to Dr. Johnson, or from a 

corruption of sahus, as supposed by Todd, but from self 

and edge, i. e. not wanting a hem. 
Sen, Self. 

Sett, To accompany. 

Set much by, to esteem. Etime beaucovp. Co T grave. 
Sett-to, A contest or argument, u they'd a fair set-to." 
Setter, A seton. 
Setter-out, Editor. Sc. furth-selter, to set out books, tderc 

libros. Cooper. 

Shaqra'' I A mean person, a shake-rag. Cotgrave. 
Shack-fork, A fork for shaking grain from the straw. 
Shackin, Ague, To cause to shake. 
Shackle, Wrist, " the shackle o'th arm," where shackles or hand 

cutTs are put on. 
Shackle-net, A net, called a flue. Belg. schakelen, the mesne* 

of a net. 

Shale, To drag the feet heavily. Fr. aller eschais. CoTGRAVK, 
Sham, To shame, to blush. Teut. scham. 
Shammed, Ashamed. Teut. scham, pudor. 
Shanks-galloway, To go on foot, or on the shanks. 

€( And ay, until the day he died, 
He rade en good shanks naggy." 

Ritson's Son*gs, vid. Db. Jamiesox. 

Shann, To turn out the toes. 

Shanty, Smart, flanting. 

Shar, To share, " I'll gang shars." 

Sha?p, Quick, active, " be sharp," i.e. make all haste. 

Sharps, Coarse ground flour with a portion of bran. 

Shaw, \ A small shady wood in a valley. Sax. scud. Dutch, 

Shay, J schawe. Todd. 

Shay, Chaise, generally called " a par o' shay." 

Shay-lads, Chaise-drivers. 

Shearin, Reaping. 

Shed, To divide. Belg. scheyden. M^eso. G. skaidan, "mind 

to shed'th woo." 
Sheds, Excels, corrupted from exceeds or from A. S. sceadan, 

to distinguish. 
Shelvings, The top part of a hay cart. 
Shigg'd, Reduced to beggary. 
Shill, To shell, " gang my lass, an shill peys." 
Shillin, Shelled oats. 
Shimmer, To shine. A . S. scymrian. 
Shippen, Cow-house or sheep-pen. A. S. scypene , an ox-stall 

or stable. 
Shirl, Shrill. 



Sfc}"»- 



108 



Shitterer, Subject to a consumption. 

Shive, A slice, a shave. Gentle Shepherd. A. S. sceadan. 

Shocker, A person of infamous character. 

Shoe, She. 

Shoe-chums, The shoe is said to churn when it is full of water. 

Shoed, She had. 

Shoggin-on, Moving easily forwards, from jog. 

Shoodcrs, Shoulders. Belg. schouder. 

Shoot, Shovel. Sc schule. 

fta&wh,; } To s° about tws ***** 

Shoon, Shoes. A. S. sceon. 
Shot-ice, A sheet of ice. 

Shots, The refuse of cattle taken out of a drove. Teut. tchuU 
ten, propeller e 9 or A. S. swat, a lot. 

Shaups, J ' 

Shrew, A field mouse. 

Shrogs, Bushes or underwood- 

Shut, To spend, " It'll shut a seet o* brass." 

2. To quit, " I can't git shut on him." Belg. schutten, 

schuldt, debt. 
Shutter, A shoot or fall of earth. Qu. shoot-earth. 
S'tch, Such. 
Side, To put in order. 

2. To decide, to settle, u It greaves me saarly at they dunnot 

side it." 
Side, To coincide, to agree. 
Side, Wide, large. A. S. side, also Dan. side sleeves. Much 

ado about Nothing. Act 3, Sc. 4, Todd. 
Sidrlins, On one side. 

£jf, To sob or sigh. A. S. seoffan, lugere. 
Sigh, A drop. A. S. seon^ to distil. 
Sigh, To stretch. 
Sike, Such. 

§£» ;./ ) Such like. 
Sike-hke, j 

Sikes, Ditches or brooks. A. S. sich, a furrow or channel. Lat. 

sulcus. 
Sile, A sieve or strainer. A. S. syl, bottom, to fall to the bottom, 

S, G. syla. 
Site, To pour down with rain. Belg. sijle, a conduit. 

§ffe } The shafts of a carriage. A. S. thille, a sill horse. 

Silly, Sickly, poorly, 

Slmit, Smooth. 

Shi, Since. 

Sin-syne, Since that. 

Sindin, Was 1 ing, rincing, " To sind down yan's meat." Prob. 

ably from Belg. sendel, scum. 
Sine, To cease milking a cow, "shoe's sined." 
Sithers, Scissars* 
Sit~fast, A false healing of a wound. 



109 



Sitten-on, When milk is burnt in the pan. 

2. Ill-thriven. 
Sisto, Seest thou. 

Sixes and sevens, In a state of confusion. 
Sizzen, Hissing. 
Sizzup, To beat, from seize-up. 
Skaddle, Timid, vid. scaddle. 
Skale, To disperse. 

2. To stir the fire. A. S. separare. 
Skeel, Milking pail. A. S. seel/, hollow. 
Skell-boose, The head of the stalls of cattle. 
Skeller'd, warped. Belg. scheelacrt. 
Skeller -brained, Wild, disordered in intellect. 
Skelp, A blow. Is. skelfa, to strike. 
Sken, To squint. 
Skerlin, Screaming. 
Skew, To throw violently. Teut. schayven, proirudere. 

Skift, To remove. Belg. schiftcn. Isl. skifle. Teut. 

schuyff-en. 
Skill, To know, " I nivver could skill him." 
Skreak, To creak as a saw. Blount. 
Skreed, A border of cloth. Isl. skrida. 

Shirt 9 } To shriek - Dan ' skri S ar - 

Skit, To reflect upon. 

Skrunty, Low, stunted. 

Slaap, Slippery. 

Slacking, Idling. 

Slack, A valley, " ollas a hill anent a slack," Isl. slakur. 

Slack, Dull, low. 

Slaggs, Stony coals. 

Slain-corn, Smut or mildew in corn. A. S. stager, destroyed 

Slair-about, To wander about idly. 

Slapper, Large. 

IK'} Bedaubed. 

Slatter, To spill. 

Slavver, Saliva. 

Sleek, Slack, small coal. 

Sleeked, Quenched. 

Sled, Sledge. 

Sled, 1 A flat piece of moist ground, a dean, a valley. Sax. 

Slade,$ slced vallis. Todd. 

Sled-hongh, A person sluggish in his gait. 

Sleet, The occasional evacuation of a cow. Isl. sletta, liquida 

dispergere. 
Sleeve-less, unsuccessful. Shaksp. 

Slav I A weavers ree( ^ Teut. laede* 
Slitter, A cleft. 
l&Hp, A misfortune* 



110 



Slither, To slide. 

Slive- Andrew, 1 An idle, slovenly fellow. Dan. slaver. Teut. 

Sliven, J schleiffen. 

Sliver, A slice- Miege. 

Size-tree, Black thorn. 

She-worm, ) Blind worm. A. S. slayxvyrm, vermis tardus — 

Slo-c-xvorm, ) Skinner. 

Slos ! >, 1 Any thing in a melted, liquid state, generally applied to 

Slush, J melting snow. Sc. clash. Fr. eccluse, 

S otted, Bolted. Belg- sluyten. 

S oum, Slumber. A. S. slumere, a slumberer. 

SltCdge. Mud. A. S. sing. Johnson. 

Slur, To slide. 

Sly-boots, A cunning person. 

Si pe, To unroof a building. Sc fllpe. 

Smack-smooth, level with the surface. 

Smash., Atoms. 

Smatch, A .flavor. 

Sman, Small. 

Sm>ddy, Blacksmith's shop. 

Smitt, To mark. 

Smilts, Small particles of soot. Su. G. smuts. 

Smit/le, Infection. A. S. smitian. 

Smoored, Smothered, heated. Belg. smoor. 

Smooi-hole, A hole in a fence, or passage for hares or sheep. — 

Isl. smyg, aiigustvis peneirarc. Qu Lat. scmoius. 
Smudgy Smoke, or close suffocating air. Welsh, mwg, smoke. 
Sntiggin, Lopping, cutting. Isl. nuga. 
Snail-gallop, walking very slowly. 
Snap, Gingerbread. 

Snub \ To c ^ ec ^- Belg. snappen. Sw. snubba. 

Snappers, Stumbles. Su. G* snafw-a, ittubare. Dr. Jamieson. 

Suavil, To speak through the nose, to stammer. Su. G.snafwa, 

hesita re. 
Snow-broth, Melting snow. Sc. snaw-bru. 
Sncck, Latch. Belg. heck. 
Sueck-snarlrs, Entangled. 
Snert. To laugh with scorn. 
Snifter, To snuff up the nose. 
Snig, An eel. 

Snsefy, Saucy. Su. G. svaes-a. 

Sniti'e, Cutting. A. S. sn'ulnn. Belg. sneiden, a snithe wind. 
Suited, Wiped the nose. A. S- smtan. Welsh, ysnitert. 
Snod, Smooth, an abbreviation of sine nodu. A. S snidun. 
Snook, To lie concealed. 
Snotter, To weep. 

2. To run at the nose. A. S. snote. 
Snnb-no>cd) Short-nosed. 

Snuc, To turn up the nose with contempt. Belg. snuytins-* 
Isl. sny, verto. 



> | Cease, desist. 



$oa, 



Ill 



Soap, A drop. Isl. saup, sorbillum. 

2. Quantity. 
Soap, To exchange. 
Soft, Wet, " a soft neet." 

2. Silly. 

3. Timid, as " a soft barn." 
Soften, To thaw. 

J**? [ Urine, from a cowhouse. Qu. Welsh, sorod y dregs. 

iSo.vs, Plump, direct. 
Soss, To lap, 

o^-, 1 A hollow murmur. Sc. sitgh. Chaucer uses swouglu 
£*' V- A. S. swege, clangor. 
S-i I 2. A drain or channel. 

Sotik, Suck 

Soul in, Bathing, ducking. 

Sounded, \ Swooned. A. S. sxvefen, somnium, in Cooper and 

Sncnrd. J M IN SHEW, sowne. 

Soundly, Exceedingly. 

|;;;^} Wet, spungy. 

S ur-a.s-sour, \ ery sour, when there is a reduplication of the 
adjective, it generally denotes the superlative degree. 

S mr-docken, Sorrel, rumex, acetosa. Marshall. 

Spaaned, Weaned. Belg. speenen. Gr. spao avello, detached 
from the dam. 

Spade-brian, Blade bone. 

Span-new, 1 Quite new, like cloth just taken from the ten* 

Spick and span, j* ters, from spick, spike or tenter-hook and 
A. S. spannan, to stretch. Nares, Todd. 

Spane, Corn, when just shooting, is said to be in the spane, de- 
taching itself from the sput/ia. 

Spung-ozver, To leap over. 

Spang-whew, To throw violently by a lever, vid. spangie-hewit, 
in Dr. Jamie so >r, from spannan, to stretch, and whew, 
to cast with force. 

Spar rabies, Small nails, similar to sparrow-biVs. 

Sp'iad, To break or poach the ground, from paxvd. 

Spaud-bane, The shoulder-blade. Sc. spald, Fr. espanle. Dr. 
Jamieson. 

Spave, To geld ; a spaved heifer- 

Speciously, Especially. 

Sped, Succeeded. 

Spel, Liberty. Belg. svel, to play. 

Snclder, To spell. 

Spdk,! A splinter or chip. A. S. spclc. In Johnson", spall. 

Spell, J In Rat, spaiL 

■« He that hews o'er hie 

The spail will fall into his ee." 

Ray. 

Speer, To enquire, A. S. spyrian, 

Speok, The spoke of a wheel. Sc. spaik. Teut. ipeecke. 



112 



Spikens, Long nails* 

Spinked, Spotted. 

Spires, Young trees. 

Spittle, A board used in turning oatcakes. Teut. spate!, a 

spatula. 
Splash, To throw dirt. 
2. To cut hedges. 
Splutters, Sputters. 
Spoele, A small wheel on a spindle. 
Sponsible A person worthy of credit* 
frags, \ Nailg> 
Brags, J 

Sprahling* Sprawling, outstretched. 
Spreean, To sprain. 
Sprent, Sprinkled. 
Sprun, The fore part of a horse's hoof. Belg. Sprongh, a leap, 

pitching from the point of the foot. 
Spurrings, Banns of marriage. A. S. spyrian, interrogo, hence 

" askins i'th' kirk." 
Squat, To sit down. 

Squozzen, p. participle of squeeze, squeezed. 
Staad, Steady. 
Staans, stones; 

J^IJJJ'} Holes made by the feet or steps of cattle. 

Stack-bars, Hurdles. 

Stacker, To stagger. 

Stackers, A disease amongst cattle. 

Staddle, The bottom of a stack, or marks left in the grass, by 

the long continuance of the hay in bad weather. Isl. 

stada. Welsh, ystadledd. 
Stag, A horse from one to three years old ; probably from Belg. 

stamen, to mount or ascend, in a state fit to ride. M^es. 

G.~ sieigan, A. S. stod or steda, a warhorse, used by 

Chaucer. 
Staneards, A collection of stones on the banks of the river. Sc. 

staners, 
Stang, A violent pain, " my tooth stangs." 
Stang, A pole applied as a lever to press on a cart wheel, to pre- 
vent too great a velocity in rapid descents. 
2. To ride stang ; when a man beats his wife, or vice versa, 

a boy, attended by his companions, rides on a stang or 

pole, before the house of the offender, and repeats some 

verses applicable to the occasion. A. S. steng, Belg. 

stangh. Isl. stangh. 
Staple, A boggy piece of ground. Dan. staen. Lat. stagnum. 
Stansion, The iron bar of a window. Sc. stanssour* Fit. estan* 

con, a prop. Dr. Jamieson. 
Stark, Stiff, cold, tight. Mjes. G. storknian. 
Start, Handle. 

Statesman, A person possessing an estate. 
S tatties, Probably a fair held by statute, where servants standing 

in order like statues, are generally hired. 



113 

Siaud, Cloyed. 

2. When a horse refuses to draw, "t' yaud's staud." Su. G. 
staa, to stand. A.. S. stow, 
Stauter, To stumble. 
Stavv, Stave. 

Steck, To shut or thrust. Belg. stekeru Tetjt. sticken. 
Sted, \ A place or house. 

Steead,} 2. " To stand in naasteead," is of no use or advantage. 
Steepin, Very wet, " it's a steepin neet." 

Stee 1 A * ou< * no * se > a noarse 5 deep toned voice. 

Steg, The gander. Isl. stegge, the male of all birds. 

Stef^ 1 A ladder * Belg. stegen. A. S. stigele. 

Stele, A handle. 

Stelling, A place where cattle retire in hot weather. Bexg. 

stellinge, Teut. stelle, locus tutus, 
Stevvened, Ordered, bespoke. A. S. strefnian, to speak or to 

appoint. 
Steud, Stood. 
Stetv, " In a sad stew," in great perplexity. 

2. An offensive smell. 
Stiddy, 1 An anvil. A. S. stid. Isl. stedie. This word is now 
Stithy, J added to Johnson's Dictionary, with innumerable 

other provincial words, by the learned and indefatigable 

Mr. Todd. 
Stiff, Proud. 

Stilt, The handle of a plow. 
Stinns* Groans. Belg. stinen, Isl. styn, doleo. 
Stint, A limited number of cattle gaits in common pastures. — ■ 

See gait* 
Stirk, A heifer. A. S. styre. 
Stoar, Value. 
Stoar, Deep toned voice. Belg. stooren, angry, morose.— 

Germ, stor, asper, Isl. stoar, magnus. 

sfub 1 A short stake * Te U T * stobhe ' 

Stocken, Shut, p. participle from stock. 

Stockin, " Thrawin the stockin," was a curious ceremony used, 
in Craven, the first evening after marriage. When it was 
announced to the young guests invited to the wedding, that 
the happy pair were retired, they instantly repaired to the 
bed room, where the bride and bridegroom sat up in bed, 
in full dress, exclusive of their shoes and stockings. One 
of the bride-maids repeatedan epithalamium. Afterwards, 
she took the bridgroom's stocking, and standing at the 
bottom of the bed, and with her back towards it, threw 
the stocking with the left hand over the right shoulder, 
aiming at the face of the bridegroom. This was done first 
by all the females in rotation ; and afterwards the young 
men took the bride's stocking, and in the same manner 
threw it at her face. As the best marksman was to be 
married first, it is easy to conceive with what eagerness 



114 



and anxiety this odd ceremony was performed by each 
party, as they doubtless supposed that the happiness of 
their future lives depended on the issue. It is not improb- 
able but that this custom may, in part, have been borrowed 
from the Greeks, as the word epithalamium could not 
otherwise be appropriately applied* 

Stodged, Filled, quite full. 

Stokey, Sultry, close. 

Stoop, A post, Lat. stupa, 

Storken, To cool, to stiffen. IVL&S. G. sturknian. 

Storm, Frost. " I cannot find that this word was ever used in 
this sense by the Saxons.*' Rev. T. D. Whitaker— 
u A caum storm. *• 

Stott, A young ox. A. S. stod. Sw. stut, 

Stovvened, Split, cracked. 

Stouk, Ten sheaves of corn. 

Stoun, Stolen. 

Stoupins, Holes made by the feet of cattle. Belg. stoepen, to 
pierce. Isl. staup, poculum. The holes holding water 
like a vessel. 

liSS&H } The rim 0f a wheel - A - S - StTack - 

Stracklin, A loose, disorderly person, from straggle ; hence 

strackle-brained. 
Strang, Strong. Isl. straongur, rigidus. 
Strapping Tn f str appare. 
Strapper, J ry 

Straw, To spread grass. Goth, strawan. 
Strea, Straw. 

Streaked, stretched. A. S. strekan. 
Streamers, Aurora Borealis. 
Strickle, A piece of wood covered with grease and sand stone to 

sharpen scythes. 
Strippings, The last milk of a cow. Belg. stroppen, to press 

hard. 
Strunty, Short. 

Strutt, To brace, a term used in carpentry. 
Stub, To grub up. 
Stubbed* Ruined. 

2. Grubbed up. 
Stump, To pay down, on the nail. 
Stump and rump, Entirely. 
Stumps, Legs, " stir your stumps." 
Sturdy, A disease in sheep, by which the brain is affected by the 

hydatides. This is sometimes cured by the shepherd, who 

having removed part of the skull, inserts a quill, and by 

that absorbs a small bag or cist, in which the eggs of the 

insects are contained. O. Fr. estourdi. 
Stuts, Summers. 

Style, A way, a bridle style, a horse way. Belg. stijgh, a path. 
Sud, Should. 
Summat, Somewhat. 

Summer, To put cattle to pasture, during summer. 
Summer-goose, An exhalation from marshes, vid. gossamer. 



115 



Summer-tree, A large beam, reaching across a building, not a 
may-pole, according to Dr. Jamiescu. Trabs summaria, 
velprecipua. Skinner. Welsh, swmer, abeam. 

Sump, A level or shaft in a mine. Lat. sumptus, 

Sumpy Boggy or wet. Belg. sompigh, swampy. 

Sun-wades, When the sun is covered by a dense atmosphere, it 
is said to wade. 

Surfeit, Cold, disorder. 

Suiho, Look thou, see thou, 

Swad, Pod of a pea. 

Swamous, 1 

Swamish, V Bashful, shy, squeamish. Ch ah cer uses squaimous. 

Sweamish, J 

Swape, A lever. 

Swapt, Exchanged. 

Swarm, To climb. Belg. swermen, a metaphor borrowed from 
bees. 

Swatch, Kind, party or sample. 

Swathe balks, Ridges left by the scythe. 

Swattle, To spend, to consume gradually. 

Sweal, To melt. A. S. swcelan. 

Sweb, Swoon. 

Sweeat, To sweat. 

Szveets's, Sweet Cicely. Scandix odorata. Linn. 

Swelted, Heated, melted, fainted. Belg. sivelten. 

Swey, To weigh, to lean upon. 

Swidges, Aches. 

Swig, Ale and toasted bread. Welsh, swg, soak or sop. 

SwUlings, The washings of vessels. A. S. swilgan. Colluvies, 

HOLYOKE. 

Swine-same, vid. same. 

Swinge, Singe. 

Swingle-tree, Splinter bar. 

Swirt, A syringe. 

Swithin, To burn. 

Swupple, Upper joint of a flail. Fb. souple. 

Syne, Since, " syne sup togither." Alan Ramsay. 

Sype, To drop gently or distil. Teet. ay pen, Isl. syp» 

Sype-up, To drink up. Isl. syp, sorbeo. 



Ta andfra, To and from. 

Taa, A toe. 

Taa, 



Wj 0ne - 



Taad, Toad. 
Taan, Taken. 
Taantother, One another 
Tabled, Boarded. 
Tack-shame, Be ashamed. 
Tackin, Condition. 
Tack, A bargain, a lease. 



L 2 



116 



Tacks, Takes. 2. Tacks off, goes. 

Tacks-efter^ Imitates or resembles, " he tacks efter his dad." 

Tacks-on-him, Affects him much. 

2. To assume. 
Tag) A latchet, the end of a thong. 

Tail, M To keep tail i'th* water," is to prosper ; taken from fish, 
which when healthy, keep their tails under the surface of 
the water. 
Tail-hand^ Crupper formerly made of cord. 
Taistril, A villain. Teaze-trill, a troublesome fellow. 
Tallow-craps , Pieces or cracklings of tallow. 
Tane, Taken. 

Tantle, To trifle, to walk about gently, to be busy, without 

accomplishing any thing. Belg. trantelen, to go gently. 
Tantril, An idle girl. 

Tantrums, Lying reports, haughtiness. Germ, tand, vanity. 
Tarn, A small lake. Isl. Horn. 
Tarnal, Eternal. 
Tassy, A mischievous child. 
Taum, A fishing line. 
TaurrCd-our, Swooned away, fell sick. Fr. tomoe. Gael. 

taom. 
T'aumeety, The Almighty. 
Taunts, Swoons, falls sick. 
Taves, Spreads or kicks the limbs about, like a distracted person. 

Teut. toven, to rage. 
Tay, Take. 
Taylior, Tailor. 

Ted, To spread grass. Su. G, tudda, intricate. 
Teddious, Fretful, difficult to please, tedious. 
Tee, A tie, u cow-tee." 
Teem, Pour down with rain. 

Teen-lathe, Tithe-barn, from teen, tenth, and lathe. 
Teethy, Peevish, cross, from a teething^child. A. S. tegg. 
Tell, To remember, " I can tell sin there wor naa turnpike owert* 

moor." 
Telld, Told. 

Terns, A sieve. Belg. teems. Fr. tamis. 
Temsin, see Efter-4emsin. 
Tent, To prevent. 

2. To watch, to attend to. 
Tetchy, Quarrelsome, fretful. 
Teuk, Took. 

Teugh, To labor. A. S. teogan, to tugg. Belg. tuylin. 
Tewit, A pewit or plover. 
Thack, Thatch. 

Thampy, Damp, also thany, though not in common use. 
Tharcake, A heavy, unraised cake. 
Tharf, Slow and heavy. 

2. Unleavened bread. A. S, thwrf, TOED* 
Thames, Intestines. 



117 



Thafs-what, That is very probable* 

Theaker, Thatcher. 

Theigh, Thigh. 

Thible, A wooden spatula, to stir potage. Twi-UU, having two 

sharp edges, vid. Nares. 
Thick, Intimate. 

\ots,\ ^ 

Pan'Sfy j wit " h fat ana baked in a P an - 

Thingembobs. Nameless trifles. 

Thirl, Orifice of the nose, nose-thirl alias nostril. A. S. thirlian, 

to bore. 

Thoal, To endure, to afford. A. S. tholian. Old Eng-. tholie. 
Thof, Although. 

Thought, ■" Within a thought," is inconceivably near. 
2. In a moment. 



Jr -a&o /' 1 Water l? orrid £ e > ma( * e °f oatmeal; sometimes mixed 



"Upon liis bow he lean'd his milk white hand, 
A bonny boy, a thoughty aff did stand." 

Rosa's Helenore, p. 68. Dr. Jaiviieso^ 

Thoum, Thumb. 

Thrang, To be busy. A. S. thrang, 

Thrust, Pushed, 

Threave, A thrave, 24 sheaves. A. S* threqf. 

Threap-down, To argue with pertinacity. 

Threapin, Answering again with impertinence. A. S. ihreapian. 

Threede, Thread. 

Thresh, To beat. Tetjt. threscheiu 

Thropple, 1 Throat. 

Throttle, ) 2. Verb, to seize or pinch the throat or wind-pipe. 

Thrum, Blunt or sour. 

Thrutch, To thrust. 

Thunner-packs, Large white clouds, indicative of thunder. 

Thus~and-seea, So so. 

Thwaite, A pasture cleared of wood. A. S. thwitan. 

Thyrl, vid. Thirl 

Tice, An abbreviation of entice. 

Tified, Sprained in the back. 

Tift, Anger. Isl. ti-fa, prwceps ire. 

Tike, Fellow, a species of dog. Smaksp. tike or trundle-tail, 

hence applied to a person of indifferent character. Isl. 

tyk^ a little dog. 
Tilfos, Till thou hast. 
Timmer, Timber. Belg. timmer. 
Timorous, Difficult to please, fretful. 
Tine, The prong of a fork. Isl. tinne, dens. 
Tines, Shuts. A. S. tynan claudere. Spenser seems to use it 

in closing the eyes in death. 

." And Eden, tho' but small, 

Yet stained oft with blood of many a band, 

Of Scots and English both that's tined on his strand." 

h 3 



118 



Tinkler, A tinker. 

Tip-the-bucket, To die. 

Tip-top, Excellent. 

Tirlins, Small pebbles or coals. Su. G. trill-a rotari. 

Tit, A small horse. Isl. titt, ready or convenient to mount. 

Tlte, Soon, easily, well. 

Titter, Sooner. Belg. tyt, 

2. To laugh. 
Titttr-gait-in, To have the start, or to have the first word. 
Titterin, Laughing. 
Tit-up, A canter, by Onomatopoeia. 
Titty-puss, A cat, Welsh, titw, a cat. 
To-a-three, A few. 

2. u A gay to-a-three," many. 
Tom-noddy, A Tom fool. Norm. Fr. naudin, stultus* 
Tone, The one. 

Toomed, Emptied. Dan. tommer, to draw out. Isl. tomur. 
Toot, To it, to apply. 
Top-ner-tail, Neither head nor foot. 
Top-ower-tail, Topsy turvy. 
Topper, Clever, excellent. 
Topper, An extraordinary person, often used ironically, " he's 

a topper." 
Topsman, Principal hind or bailiffe. 
Torfiird, Died. A. S. torfian, to shoot the dart, struck by the 

dart of death. 
Tossicated, Tossed, perplexed. 
Tote, The whole, " the haal tote on 'em," from Lat. totus. 

'riddle } To walk S entl y- Su - G * tult " a ' 

Vouden, The old one. 

Tout, Taught. 

Trail, To loiter. Qu. Lat. traho. 

Trailin, Dragging the feet with difficulty. 

Tramps, Travels. Belg. trant or trampen. Welsh, tramp. 

Transmogrified, Metamorphosed. 

Trapes, An idle, lounging, person. 

Trash, To tramp about with* fatigue. 

Trash, Unripe fruit. 

Tressel, A frame to support a scaffold, &c. Welsh, trestyl.~ 

Qu, three stele, or three feet. 
Tridlins, Excrements of sheep. Sc. driddlins. Germ, treidel. 
Trig, To fill, " he's trigged his hamper," or filled his belly. — 

A. S. trig, atoms, Todd. 
Trim, To beat, to drub. Dr. Jamieson. 

Tru^*' } A nasty woman - lT - trulla * 

Trones, A steel yard. Trona or trutina, Dr. Jamieson says, 

is originally equivalent to crane, Isl. triona, a beak or 

crane. Fr. troyne, a beak. 
Trot, An old trot, a contemptuous appellation of an infirm old 

woman. Germ, trot, onulier, anus. Todd's Johnson. 
T runnel, A wheel. A. S. trendle, •' a barrow tiunnle." 



119 



Tubber, A cooper. 

Tully, A little wretch. Sc. tulye, a quarrel. 

Tull, To. 

Tult, To it. 

Turn, To separate or card wool. 

Tumme, Tome. 

Tunnel, A drain or arch. 

Tup, A ram. Belg. tulpe, to strike or push. 

Turmat, Turnip. 

Turmoil, Noise, passion. 

Tusdoon, Thou hast done. 

Tussel, Contest. Germ, tusseUen, to beat. 

Tussey, A low, drunken person. 

Twaa, Two. 

Twattle, To prate. Germ, schwatzen. 

Twill, A quill. 

Twilt, A quilt. 

Twiny, Fretful, uneasy. 

2. Twisting. 
Twinter, A beast aged two winters. A. S. twy-winter. Todd. 
Twit, An acute angle. 

2. Any thing entangled, from twist, " t' garn's twitter'd." 
Twitter, Uneasy, " hee's aw at twitter." 
Twitter-bone, An excrescence of a horse's hoof, in consequence 

of a contraction. 
Type, A lever, used as a mouse-trap. 
Type-our, To fall over, to die. 



Tyce, To entice. 



U 



Unbane, Inconvenient, distant. Un. and Belg. bane, way, i. e. 

out of the way. 
Uncome, Not come. 
Uncoth, Strange, unknown. Sc. unca, A. S. uncuth. 

2. To take uncoth, is, to feel strange and uncomfortable. 
Uncoths, News, " what uncoths ?" 
Under-breet, A bright light appearing under the clouds in the 

horizon. 
Under cumestand, to understand. 
Underdrawing, Cieling. 
Under mind, To undermine. 
Ungain, Round about, indirect. Belg. om-gaen, to go about, 

see Unbane, 
Ungeared, Unharnessed. 
Ungone, Not gone. 

Unheppen, Unbecoming, uncomfortable, indecent, untidy. 
Unkemmed, Uncombed. 
UnlicJced-cub, An unpolished youth. 
Unrid, Untidy, disorderly, filthy. Belg. onraedU Teut. on- 

raed, sordes. 
Unsnecked, Unlatched. 

« Tip-tae she tript o'er the floor, 

She drew the bar, unsneck'd the door." 

Jamieson's Pop. Bal. Dr. Jamiesox. 



120 



Upbrade, To rise on the stomach. 

Updaals, Up the valley or dale. 

Uphodto, To assure you. 

Upmet and down throsten, Entirely, good measure, 

Upper 'Story, The brain. 

Uptack, Unparalleled, not to be equalled. 

Upwaxen, Grown up to manhood. 

Urchin, Hedge-hog. 

Uvver, Upper. 



Vails 9 Money given to servants on strangers taking their leave or 
vale, from which Dr. Johnson says it is derived ; but 
Ma. Todd derives it from avails. 

Validum, Value, size, " nut validum o'th* black under my nail." 

Vamper, To vapour. 

Vara-weeU Very well. 

Vardite, Verdict. 

Vast, A deal, " itle do the a vast o' good, man." 

T? I i ^ sma ^ * ron noo P' Fr. virole. 

Vew, Yew. 

Viewly, Handsome, agreeable to the eye. 

Virgin's garland, Many of the churches in the Deanery of Craven 
are adorned with these garlands, which were made of 
flowers, or of variegated colored paper, representing flowers, 
fastened to small sticks, crossing each other at the top, and 
fixed at the bottom by a circular hoop, which was also 
pasted over with paper. From the top are suspended two 
papers, cut in the form of gloves, on which the age and 
name of the deceased virgin are written. When a young 
woman died, unmarried, one of these votive garlands was 
borne before the corpse, by two girls, who placed it on the 
coffin during the funeral service. From thence it was con- 
veyed, in the same manner, to the grave ; and afterwards 
was carefully deposited on the skreen dividing the choir 
from the nave, either as an emblem of virgin purity, or of 
the frailty and uncertainty of human life, " whose beauty 
shall be a fading flower." Isaiah. 

W 

Wa, Yes. 

Waa, Oppressed With woe, sorry. A. S. wa, M^es. G. wai, 

Waa^worth-ye, Woe betide you. 

WaasUheart, Alas ! or woe is my heart ! 

Wabble, To move awkwardly and weakly. Sc. dwabble. Su* 

G, dubble. 
Wad, Would. 
Wadlia, Would have. 
Wad at wadhe, He would, that would he. 
Wadn'U Would not. 



m 



Wadto, Wouldst thou. 

Waff, To puff up in the act of boiling, "lutho bud, howt' thick- 
hots waff." To bark gently. 

Wa&sle f To shake. A. S. wagian. Belg. wagghele. 

Waily, Oppressed with woe. 

Wais, 1 A wreath of straw or cloth on the head, to relieve the 

Wase,$ pressure of burthens. Teut. wasen, cespes, instar 
cespitis. Skinner, Cooper, and Ainsworth. 

Wake, Weak. A. S. wak. 

WalUeen, White or grey eyes. Belg. walcken, to blanch. — 
The etymology of this word is not very satisfactory either 
in Nares or Todd. Skinner supposes that they resem- 
ble the eyes of a whale. A. S. hwale, Welsh, gwawl, 
light, probably gwawl-een, light eyes. 

Walloping, Bending in their gait. Teut. wal-oppe. 

Wallow, \ Flat, insipid. Teut. walghe, nausea. Walsh is an 

Walsh, J abbreviation of wallow ish. 

Wambling, Moving or twisting the body. Du. wemmeleiu 

Wandy, Long and flexible, like a wand. 

Wankle, Weak, loose. Belg. wanckeL 

Wanteau, Surcingle, wain -tie. 

War, Was. 

War, Worse, used by Spenser. 

War, Stand aside, " war horse," or beware of the horse. 

War and war, 1 „ r , 

Worse and warse, J W ° rSe and WOrse * 

Warbles, Maggots in the backs of cattle. A. S. wear, Teut. 
weer, a knot. 

Ward, World. 

Warished, Recovered from sickness. It. guarire. 

Wark, Ache. A. S. wark, 

Wark-folk, Laborers. 

Warm, To beat, " I'll warm thy jerkin for the." 

WarnH, Was not. 

Warr* d, 1 Spent. Isl. veria. to sell, to purchase. Welsh, 

Wared, J gwariad. 

Warridge, Withers of a horse. 

Wart-day, Work-day. 

Warth, 1 A ford. Lat. vadum. A. S. wad, from wadan, to 

Wath, J pass over, hence to wade. Isl. vad. 

Wassel, A person very weak, probably one who has partaken 
too freely of the wassel- bowl, " as wake as a wassel." 

Water-icles, Stalactites. 

Watter-shakken, Land soaked or shaking with water. 

Wau, To caterwaul, to cry as a cat. Isl. vaele, plango. 

Wau, Wall. 

2. Worthless liquor. 

Wawl, To wail, to weep. 

Waxen, Grown. Belg. wassende. Mjes, G. waig* 

Wax-kernel, A swelling near the ear, &c. 

Weaky, Moist. Germ, weicken, To soak- 

Wearing, Consumption. 



122 



Weatlier-gall, A secondary rain-bow; a weather breeder or 
feeder, a sign of bad weather. Germ, wasser-gall, re* 
percussio Iridis. Welsh, gwawl, light. 

Wee, Little, " a lile wee bit." 

Weed, We had. 

Weel, A whirl-pool. Belg. weel. 
2. WelL 

Weer, A dam of a river. 

2. An embankment against its encroachment. Belg. weer, 
a ffuard. 

JF<^, With it or with the. 

Weigh-balk, The beam of a pair of scales. Sc. weyes. 

Weight, Many. 

Well, To weld. Su. G. waella, aestuare, 6ee Nare's Gloss. 

Welly, Well nigh. 

Welt, The hem of a garment. 

Welted, Overturned. A. S. wealtian. Isl. velltU 

Wer, Our. 

Wesh, Urine, "oud wesh." Teut. wash, lotura. 

W^<zW, j w ™d-pipe. A. S. »***». 
JF/*<z, Well. 

Whack, A blow. This Mr. Todd supposes, is a corruption of 
thwack. 
2. To fall with great force. 
Whacker, To tremble. 
Whackering, Trembling. 

Whaling, Beating, aspirated from quell. A. S. walan. 
Wham, Bog, morass. Isl. hwamm'r. 
Whang, To throw away. 

Wtenf, } A thon s- Sw ' twen & 

Whangby, Blue or skimmed milk cheese, almost indigestible.— 

Qu. Tough enough to hang by, or to make whangs by. 
Whapper, Large. 
Whaps, To put in hastily. 

2. To move quickly, " t' wind whaps t* door to." Su. G. 

ive-pa, to wrap. 
Wharle, A small wheel on a spindJe. Sw. hworla, rotare. 
Whafsomivver, However. 



Whauve, 1 m 

Whelm, 'j To cover over. 



Whean, A woman of mean character, " thou mucky whean."— 

Isl. kwinna, mutter. 
Wheemly, Smoothly, quietly. Teut. quemen. Bailey. 
Wheezed, Out of breath. 
Whelk, A noise made by a heavy body falling. 
Whelk, A quantity, " a whelk o' snaw." 
Whelk, A blow. 

Whelkin, Large, " a whelkin tyke." 
Whemmeld, Covered* or turned over. Teut. wemeUn, 
Whenid, When I had. 
Whent) Strange. 



i23 



Wherkin, breathing with difficulty. Goth, quark, the throat? 

Todd. Querkened, suffocatus. Ainsworth. 
Wherried, Laughed violently. 
To whether, At all events. 
Whethers, In doubt. 
Whew, To throw away. 
Whew'd-off, Turned off abruptly. 
Whewt, To whistle. 

Whiat, Quiet, '* Be whiat wi' the," be quiet 
Whick, Alive. 

^^XW,} Mountain - ash ' see R We-tree. 

Whicks, Couch grass. 2. Thorns. 

Whiff, A transient view. Sc. waff. 

Whiffle-whaffle, A person of unsteady character. Belg. weyfelen. 

Whigg, Whey. 

While, Till, " stop while I come." m 

Whimmy, Full of whims or eccentricities. Isl. whima. Todd. 

Whinge, To whine. Su. G. whenga, plorare. 

WhinnemeV d, Thin nosed* Welsh, wyneb, a visage. 

Whinns, Furze, gorse, 

Whipper-snapper ) A busy insignificant person. A. S. swvgpre, 

crafty. 
Whirr, To fly away with noise, as partridges, &c 
Whirlbaan, Cap of the knee. 
Whishins, Cushions. 

Whisht, Hush ! Sw. hwisk-a, to whisper. 
Whisson- Sunday, Whit-Sunday. 
Whistle, " To wet one's whistle," is to drink. 
White, To blame. Sc. wite. Isl. vijte, noxa. 
White, To requite. 
White, To cut, from ihwite. A. S. thwitan, hence ihwaite? 

ground cut or cleared from wood. 
Whither, Violence, passion. 

Whittle, A large knife, commonly called a butcher's whittle. 
Whummle, A wimble. Belg. wemelen* 
Why, A heifer. Sc. quey. 
Wia-wia, Very well. 

Widdy,! Twigs of willows or hazies dried partially in the fire, 
Withy, J and then twisted into wreaths for many agricultural 

purposes. 
WV With. 

Wig, A sort of cake or bun. Teut. weghe, panis iriticeus, 
Wtkes, Corners of the mouth. Su. G. wik, angulus. 
Wild-mar e-hinch or hiteh, String-halt. 

Willy-nilly, \ Willing or unwilling. Nolens volens. A. S. 
Will-he nill-he, S nillan, to be unwilling, from na non et willan 

velle. Cooper. 
Will, Is frequently used for is y i.e. " how far is it to Gerston ? 

It will be five miles." 

Wilto shalto, Nolens volens. 



124 



Winded, Dry. 

2. Hay light in the stack* 

Winder, To winnow. Isl. vindur,ventus» Is not this Islandic 
word the origin of our term window ? Before the general 
introduction of glass into this country, it is very probable, 
that the openings of habitations for air and light were 
closed, as Skinner supposes, by wind-doors or shutters. 
The pronunciation of the Cockneys of the present day 
confirms the supposition, that a window is derived from 
the Isl. vindur, for the simultaneous admission of wind 
and light. 

Windlestreea, Stalk of grass. A. S. winde-streeowe, a reed. 

Windmrow, Rows of hay. 

Wind-shacks, Cracks in wood, occasioned, it is supposed by the 
wind. 

Wine-berries, Currant?. 

Wiseman, A wizard. 

Within-our sells, In our possession, without purhacse. 

Wittin, \ A. S. witan, knowledge or idea, a hint. Isl. vit, 

Wittering, J " bout my wittin," witthout my knowledge. 

Wizzerfd, Parched, withered. A. S. weoznian, 

Wod, Would. 

Wodto, Wouldst thou. 

Woo, "Wool. i 

Wooster, A lover. 

Wor, Was. 

Word, u My word," truly, a my word yee've gitten a bonny tit IV 

Worded, Uttered, composed. 

Wor-he, Was he. 

Worsels, Wrestles, contends. Belg. worstelen, 

Worsells, Ourselves. 

Worset, Worsted. 
Wow, To howl. 

S';} Wrote - c °°™- 

Wraiths, Shafts of a cart. 

Wrang, Wrong. A. S. wrange. 

Wriths, The haum or stalks of potatoes, &c* 

j^C' } The low bark of a dog. 

Wummle, An auger, a wimble. 
Wuns, Lives. 

Wunnen, 1 A dwell w Belg. women. A. S. wunian. 
Wunning, J ° 



K a ' | One, "nivver atyan." is, never the same, indecisive* 

Yaff, To bark. A. S. yealp-an, exclamare. 
Yammer, To make a loud, disagreeable noise. 
Yance, Once. 



125 



Yansell, One's self. 

&,} Earth - 

Yar-nuts, Pignuts. Bunium flexuosum, Sc. arnut. 

Yar, Sour. Teut. yeaher. 

IT ark ■ d, To seize or rise hastily, to push. Goth, yercken, to 

jerk. Isl. hrekia. 
Vat, 7 
Fate, {-Gate. 
Yut, J 
Yaud* A horse. A. S. eode> went. Spenser's Faery Q. 

Lib. 1, C. 10. 

" < )n either side disparted with his rod, 

Till all his array dry-foot through them Yod." 

Speaking of Moses vid. Ray. 

Yeatfm, To hiccup, to belch. 

Yees, You shall. 

Yellow-yowring) Yellow-hammer. 

Yether^ A long twig, with which to bind hedges. 

Yewlin^ Christmas feasting. Welsh, givyl^ a festival. Dan. 

jule, vid. Notes on Canto 6th of Marmion. Isl. Jo&— 

Saturnalia. 
YewUclo%, A large log of wood, generally laid on the fire on 

Christmas»eve. Dan, juledag, Natalis Christi. Skinner. 
Yower, Udder. Belg. uyer. Sc. lure. 
Yower-joint, Joint near the thigh of the horse, opposite the hock 

or hough. 
Yower, Your. » 

Yowy Ewe. Belg. oye or ouwe, 
Yowlin, Howling, barking. Isl. yle y ululatut* 
Yunce^ Once. 
Yusterneet) Last night. 



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